Last updated: January 28, 2018. - Fortean Notes

1856 to 1860

1856:

1856 / Sleeper Susan C. Godsey, near Hickman, Ky. / See July 14, 1869. [A; 338. See: 1869 July 14, (A; 547).]

1856 / Rugeley / Polt / murder there 1855, ab Dec / J. P. Cooke / Was this Palmer? [A; 339. (J. P. Cooke / Was this Palmer?)??? Dr. William Palmer, (the Rugeley Poisoner), poisoned John Parsons Cook, on November 21, 1855.]

1856 Jan 1 / [LT], 10-e / Variable stars / Hind's of Dec. [II; 1899. "Variable Stars." London Times, January 1, 1856, p. 10 c. 5.]

1856 Jan 2 / 10:10 a.m. / Beeston / Loud report unlike thunder. "Could it be the bursting of a meteor? / BA '56-59. [II; 1900. Powell, Baden. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1855-56." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1856, Reports on the State of Science, 53-62, at 58-59.]

1856 Jan 7 / 5 p.m. / great met and train that remained—like a comet's tail / Southampton. Looked like a pillar of fire / LT 8-7-f. [II; 1901. "Southampton, Jan. 7." London Times, January 8, 1856, p. 7 c. 6.]

1856 Jan 7 / 4:55 p.m. / Met "around 10 minutes in daylight / Oxford / Canterbury / etc. / Kent / Southampton / Brighton / BA 56-60; 57-140 / Times quoted. [II; 1902. Powell, Baden. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1855-56." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1856, Reports on the State of Science, 53-62, at 60-61. Powell, Baden. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1856-57." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1857, Reports on the State of Science, 131-153, at 140-143. "The Meteor." London Times, January 11, 1856, p. 10 c. 2. Lowe, 138. Masters, William. "The Meteor." Kentish Gazette, January 8, 1856, p. 5 c. 2.]

1856 Jan 7 / ab. 5 p.m. / (Brighton) / "Apparently proceeding from a star, which, I think, is the planet Jupiter." / B Assoc '57/142. [II; 1903. Greg, 94. Powell, Baden. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1856-57." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1857, Reports on the State of Science, 131-153, at 141.]

1856 Jan 7 / Meteor immediately under Jupiter / Canterbury (?) / B Assoc 1856-55. [II; 1904. Powell, Baden. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1855-56." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1856, Reports on the State of Science, 53-62, at 54-55. Masters, William. "The Meteor." Kentish Gazette, January 8, 1856, p. 5 c. 2. Masters was at St. Thomas's Hill, near Canterbury. "I ran to a position where no trees intercepted my sight, and was astonished to find a bright vertical line—to appearance about 6ft. long and 2in. wide—in the south, immediately under Saturn," (not under Jupiter).]

1856 Jan 7 / 4:51 p.m. / Southampton / met train / M.W.R. '07/391. [II; 1905. Trowbridge, C.C. "On Atmospheric Currents at Very Great Altitudes." Monthly Weather Review, 35 (September 1907): 390-397, at 391, c.v. "Table 2."]

1856 Jan 7 / det met / L.S.P.T. - 1-61 / Meteor at Havre / C.R. 42/61, 78. [II; 1906. "M. Lecadre adresse quelques renseignements sur un météore lumineux...." Comptes Rendus, 42 (1856): 61. Deslongchamps, Eudes. "Observation faite à Caen du météore lumineux du 7 janvier." Comptes Rendus, 42 (1856): 78-80. "Météore du 7 Janvier." La Science Pour Tous, 1 (no. 9; February 7, 1856): 69.]

1856 Jan 7 / Riverhill, Sevenoaks / fell from a point 3 or 4 degrees south and east of Jupiter. / B Ass. 57/142. [II; 1907. Powell, Baden. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1856-57." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1857, Reports on the State of Science, 131-153,, at 142.]

1856 Jan 7 / Not said an ascend met / visible from 10 to 15 minutes in various places, and in Wiltshire, 20 minutes / Intel Obs. 4/160 / 29+. [II; 1908. Ansted, David Thomas. "Falling Stars and Meteorites." Intellectual Observer, 4 (1864): 157-168, at 160.]

1856 Jan. 7 / Eng and France / Met train / BA 60-94. [II; 1909. Greg, 94.]

1856 Jan 7 / 5:05 p.m. / Met train / 1/4 hour / Havre / C.R. 41-61. Great deal on page 78, etc. More than 20 minutes. [II; 1910. "M. Lecadre adresse quelques renseignements sur un météore lumineux...." Comptes Rendus, 42 (1856): 61. Deslongchamps, Eudes. "Observation faite à Caen du météore lumineux du 7 janvier." Comptes Rendus, 42 (1856): 78-80.]

1856 Jan 8  (?) / 5 p.m. / Details, great meteor of Havre and Rouen / La Sci Pour Tous 1-44, 69 / train—20 minutes. [II; 1911. "Météore Vu au Havre et à Rouen." La Science Pour Tous, 1 (no. 6; January 17, 1856): 44-45. "Météore du 7 Janvier." La Science Pour Tous, 1 (no. 9; February 7, 1856): 69.]

1856 Jan. 23 / Steamship Pacific left Liverpool for N.Y, / Disap. / O'Donnell, Strange Sea Mysteries, p. 20 / VXCE. [A; 340. (O'Donnell, Elliott. Strange Sea Mysteries, p. 20. "VXCE" is the call number of this book at the New York Public Library.)]

1856 Jan 30 / (+) / Switzerland / "Wohlen (Berne) and Mollis (Glaris) / Caterpillars / Cosmos, N.S., 50/353 / (D-93). [II; 1912. The note copies information from page 93 of The Book of the Damned.(Cosmos, s. 4 (n.s.) v. 50 (1904): 353.) Müller, Albert. "On the dispersal of non-migrating insects by atmospheric agencies." Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1871, 175-186, at 184. "Les Pluies de Chenilles." Ciel et Terre, 25 (1904-1905): 23-24.]

1856 Feb 3 / 8:25 p.m. / Great det met / France / CR 42/pages / det-p. 281. [II; 1913. "Autres Observations du bolide du 3 février." Comptes Rendus, 42 (1856): 281-282.]

1856 Feb. 3 / (det met) / 8:05 p.m. / Met / Paris / C.R. 42-237, 279. Loud detonation heard at Sommevoire / p. 281. [II; 1914. "Bolide du 3 février dernier." Comptes Rendus, 42 (1856): 279-281.(Comptes Rendus 42-237, 279, 281).]

1856 Feb. 3 / Eng / Belg / Switz / Germany / France / Great det met / BA 60-94. [II; 1915, Greg, 94-95. Lowe, 138.]

1856 Feb 3 / ab 8 p.m. / Meteor seen at Paris . La Sci Pour Tous 1-78. [II; 1916. "Météore Vu à Paris." La Science Pour Tous, 1 (no. 10; February 14, 1856): 78.]

1856 Feb 4 / q. / Switzerland / Valley of Visp. / BA '11 / (not connected). [II; 1917. Milne, 713.]

1856 Feb 9 / 2:30 p.m. / at Pau / Series of sharp detonations. Sky cloudless. / C.R. 42/356. BA '60. [II; 1918. "M. De La Jonquière donne quelques détails sur un phénomène atmosphérique...." Comptes Rendus, 41 (1855): 356. Greg, 94-95.]

1856 Feb. 16 / 4 p.m. / Met / violent dets. / BA 60-106. [II; 1919. Greg, 106.]

1856 Feb 16 / q—Cal. / BA '11 / meteor, Eng. [II; 1920. Greg, 106. Greg lists a meteor in Westphalia, (not in England). Milne, 713.]

1856 March / U Geminorum / fluctuation of light in periods of 6 to 15 seconds, by Pogson—see Sep. 26, 1856. / J.B.A.A., 13-326. [II; 1921. "Astronomical Publications." Journal of the British Astronomical Association, 13 (1902-1903): 324-330, at 326. Hagen, Johann Georg. "Discussion of a Questionable Type of  Temporary Stars." Astrophysical Journal, 17 (1903): 281-285, at 282. Baxendell, Joseph. "Notes on Pogson's observations of U Geminorum, T Scorpii, and R Librae." Astronomical Journal, 22 (1902): 127-128. The U Geminorum binary consists of a white dwarf in a close orbit around a red dwarf, with an orbital period of 4 hours and 11 minutes. The outbursts of the (white) dwarf nova can rapidly increase its apparent magnitude from 14.0 or 15.1 to 9.0. See: 1855 Dec 15, (II; 1893), for Hind's discovery of this variable. There is no note for September 26, 1856.]

1856 March 2 / Eruption Great Sangir, in the Moluccas / Timbs '57-271 / Another on 17th. [II; 1922. "Volcanic Eruption in the Moluccas." Timbs' Year-Book of Facts in Science and Art, 1857, 271. The Awu volcano.]

1856 March 2 and 3 / Volc. Island of Great Sangir / (Aberdeen Journal, Aug 13) / Also hot springs opened up and cast out boiling water. / March 17—a new eruption. Loss of life ab. 3000. [II; 1923. "Destructive Earthquake in the Moluccas." Aberdeen Journal, August 13, 1856, p. 3 c. 1. The Awu volcano.]

1856 March 2 / bet 7 and 8 p.m. / Began eruption of Sangir / La Sci Pour Tous, 1-279 / 3,000 perished. [II; 1924. "Terrible Éruption d'Un Volcan; 3000 Victimes." La Science Pour Tous, 1 (no. 35; August 7, 1856): 279. The Awu volcano.]

1856 March 17 / See March 2, 3. [II; 1925.]

1856 March 2 and 17 / Eruption of Great Sangir / 12.5 E / 4. N. / News of the World, Aug 3, 1856. [II; 1926. (News of the World, August 3, 1856). "Destructive Earthquake in the Moluccas." London Morning Chronicle, July 31, 1856, p. 6 c. 5. "An eruption of the active volcano on the island of Great Sangir, in long. 125 50 E., and lat. 3 50 N., has occurred." The Awu volcano.]

1856 March 14 / "On March 14, at about 4 o'clock, P.M., a loud report was heard similar to the explosion of a powder-magazine," and concussion felt. / (Wiltshire) / Timbs '57-270. [II; 1927. "Earthquakes in 1856." Timbs' Year-Book of Facts in Science and Art, 1857, 266-270, at 270.]

1856 April, etc. / Witchcraft / Staffs / LT, 1857, March 7-12-e / 24-10-f. [A; 341. "Witchcraft in the Nineteenth Century." London Times, March 7, 1857, p. 12 c. 5. "Spring Assizes." London Times, March 24, 1857, p. 10 c. 6.]

1856 Ap 2 / Op Mars / (A 1). [II; 1928.]

1856 Ap. 7 / India / Kangara / q / I / [Light] / BA '11. [II; 1929. Milne, 713.]

1856 Ap. 8 / Colmar, Haute Rhine / "aerolitic meteor? Or April 6?" / BA 60-94. [II; 1930. Greg, 94.]

1856 May 19 / [LT], 10-b / Ext destruction of sheep. [A; 342. "Extraordinary Destruction of Sheep." London Times, May 19, 1856, p. 10 c. 2.]

1856 May 23 / Peculiar appearance of atmosphere at St. Martin / Proc Amer Assoc 1856/237. [II; 1931. Smallwood, Charles. "On the Peculiar Appearance of the Atmosphere on the 23d of May, 1856, at St. Martin's, Isle Jesus, Canada East...." Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, 10 (1856): 237-240. "The peculiar appearance of the atmosphere at this place was caused no doubt by the interception of the solar rays by dense haze, consisting of smoke and vapor." The cloud of ashes and smoke apparently originated from a forest fire near Pembroke, Ontario, (then, Canada West).]

[1856 May 30 and 31. Wrong date. See: 1855 May 30 and 31, (II; 1932).]

1856 June 4 / During a storm, water of Lake Ontario suddenly went up 3 feet. / La Sci Pour Tous 1-232. [II; 1933. "Phénomène sur le Lac Ontario." La Science Pour Tous, 1 (no. 29; June 26, 1856): 232.]

1856 June 9 / Guilford Co, N. Car / large hailstones—strong flavor of turpentine / A.J.S.-2-22-298. [II; 1934. "Hailstorm in Guilford County, N.C." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 22 (1856): 298. "One measured eight inches in circumference.... This hailstone was a perfect globe. Others measured as large in one direction, but they were flat.... The hail had a strong flavor of turpentine." See: 1871 / middle of April, (IV; 375).]

1856 June 25 / 2 a.m. / Shock at Adelaide, S. Aust / Bedford Times, Oct. 15, 1856. [II; 1935. (Bedford Times, October 15, 1856). "The Earthquake." Adelaide Observer, June 28, 1856, p. 5 c. 8.]

1856 July 7 / morning / Cosmos 11/200 / Ac to M. [Victor] Legrip, two residents of Chambon, France, had, upon July 7, seen passing in front of the moon, a human figure—disappeared—then a pond surrounded by bushes and trees—not identified with any terrestrial scene. [II; 1936. "Le 7 juillet, vers neuf heures du soir...." Cosmos, 11 (August 21, 1857): 200-201.]

1856 July 8 / Miss. / evening / A.J. Sci 2/22/448. [II; 1937. Spillman, W. "The Meteor of July 8th." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 22 (1856): 448-449.]

1856 July 8 / train 20 min / Hancock, Ala. / 6 p.m. / remarkable meteor seen / A.J. Sci 2/23/287. [II; 1938. Peters, Thomas M. "On the Meteor of July, 1856." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 23 (1857): 287. "The position of this meteor from our point of observation, indicated that it must have fallen in the direction of Columbus, (Miss.); therefore it could not have been Prof. Harper's meteor, which was seen farther north, at Orford in that State, on the same day."]

1856 July 8 / The meteor / ab. 4 p.m. / A.J. Sci 2/23/138. [II; 1939. Davis, N.K. "On the Meteor of July 8th." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 23 (1857): 138.]

1856 July 8 / "Mass of lava" fell ten miles west of Aberdeen, Miss., ac to a newspaper. As large as a barrel / A.J. Sci 2/24/449. [II; 1940. "Supposed Meteorite." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 24 (1857): 449. "The paper, called the 'Sunny South.' of Aberdeen, Miss., of Sept. 17, 1857, describes a mass of lava as large as a barrel, 'which fell near the farm of Mr. John Fortson, ten miles west of Aberdeen, on the 8th of July, 1856....'"]

1856 July 8 / Pontotoc, Miss / Col R. Bollon writes met explosion and 3 met clouds of long duration which developed into an M with an enclosed N. / [illustration] / Amer Met Jour 4/521. [II; 1941. Bolton, R. "The Pontotoc Meteor." American Meteorological Journal, 4 (March 1888): 520-527. [II; 1941.]

1856 July 8 / Alabama / 4 p.m. / Meteor / Am J. Sci / 2/22/448 / 23/138, 287. [II; 1942. Greg, 94-95. Spillman, W. "The Meteor of July 8th." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 22 (1856): 448-449. Davis, N.K. "On the Meteor of July 8th." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 23 (1857): 138. Peters, Thomas M. "On the Meteor of July, 1856." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 23 (1857): 287. There were two, (if not three), meteors, on this date, with one reported at 4 P.M. and another at 6 P.M., (and another, in the "evening," which was observed in a different direction from the one observed at 6 P.M.).]

1856 July 11 / Caucasus / During day, sun a red ball "shorn of his rays". 5 p.m., a q. 300 houses destroyed. / Lloyd's Weekly Newspaper, Sept 21-3-1. [II; 1943. "Earthquake in the Caucasus." Lloyd's Weekly Newspaper, September 21, 1856, p. 3 c. 1.]

1856 July 11 / morning / Rumbling sound and violent shock / Schemeka (Caucasus). Timbs '57-270. [II; 1944. "Earthquakes in 1856." Timbs' Year-Book of Facts in Science and Art, 1857, 266-270, at 270.]

1856 July 16 / Shock at Clermont-Ferrand soon followed by a hailstorm. / Cosmos 11-43. [II; 1945. "Académie des Sciences." Cosmos, 11 (1857): 40-48, at 43. Lecoq, Henri. "Tremblement de terre du 16 juin ressenti à Clermont Ferrand." Comptes Rendus, 45 (1857): 34-35.]

1856 July 23 / Whirl in Staffordshire, near Baslaston / Dublin Commercial Journal, Aug 9. [II; 1946. "A Whirlwind in Staffordshire." Dublin Commercial Journal, August 9, 1856, p. 1. c. 2-3.]

1856 July 23 / Caucasia / great q / [BA] '11. [II; 1947. Milne, 713.]

1856 July 25 / Great submarine eruption in the Straits of Onimah, in Lat 54 and Long 165. Not said N or S or E or W. / Timbs 57-272. [II; 1948. "A Submarine Volcano." Timbs' Year-book of Facts in Science and Art, 1857, 272. "A Submarine Volcano." Melbourne Argus, March 25, 1857, p. 6 c. 6. (San Francisco Herald, 1856-1857, sailed Nov 1856 on whaling voyage). The "Straits of Onnimah" would be between Akun Island and Unimak Island, in the Aleutians. The coordinates of 54° 36' N. latitude and 165° W. longitude are off the western end of Unimak Island, where the volcano Shishaldin was erupting. Captain C.H. Newell of the Alice Frasier, wrote: "... As the breeze built up into a dashing wind along came four other ships. When, just as they got fairly in with the north base of this mountain, gazing upon the grand ebullition above them, there followed a long low rumbling directly beneath them, and there sprang into instant existence, simultaneous with the sound, a vast terrific volcano among the very fleet. First, the waters boiled and rose tumultuously into chaotic waves, then sprang, as by an effort of some vast fountain, into a splendid column of rolling waters to a great height. This gradually dissipated. Then from earth to heaven, with a thundering sound which rocked the very welkin, there sprang a burst of smoke and flame, as if earth's whole internal fires were seeking a vent therefrom. Following this it commenced casting up lava and pumice-stone, from the size of a pebble to that of a boulder, covering all the vessels with lesser fragments of each, and keeping the ship's companies in the most intense anxiety, from fear of either being blown into the air or crushed beneath the sea. These grades of action continued only for a time, the eruption sinking almost as sudden as it came, when the waters rolled into the vacated chasm with the rush of a whirlwind, meeting in the centre from every direction, and whirling into a vortex only equalled by the maelstrom, uttering a voice little short of the British Niagara heard from Table Rock." The account was corroborated by the masters of the William Thompson, Scotland and Enterprise, three of the other five or six whaling ships, at the scene.]

1856 July 25 / Kilkenny Journal / Nothing. [II; 1949.]

1856 July 25 / Kilkenny. / b. rain "of a densely sable hue" / News of the World, Aug 10-3-2. See May, 1854? [II; 1950. (News of the World, August 10, 1856, p. 3 c. 2.) "Black Rain." London Standard, August 4, 1856, p. 2 c. 5. See: 1854 May 23, (II: 1620).]

1856 July 26 / Deluge and hail size of "ordinary eggs" at Liverpool / Newry Examiner, Aug 2. [II; 1951. "Terrific Shower." Newry Examiner and Louth Advertiser, August 2, 1856, p. 3 c. 5.]

1856 July 30 / 9:30 p.m. / Remarkable meteor / Paris / C.R. 43-487. [II; 1952. Greg, 94. Godard. "note sur le bolide du 30 juillet 1856." Comptes Rendus, 43 (1856): 487.]

1856 July 30/31/ Aug 1 // Obj? / N. and Q. 2-2-105, quoting the Limerick Observer / July 30—at Corbally, at 10:30 p.m.—seemed to be a fire rising on a mountain to the east, then a globe of fire with a tail seemed to be 18 inches long to a globe size of an orange—watched it one hour—next night again—rose a few minutes later and was high in the sky at 11. 3rd night, rose ab. 10:40—seemed smaller but far exceeded size of Jupiter. Then it occurred to one of the witnesses might be comet of 1556 which the astronomers were expecting, which failed to appear. [II; 1953.1, 1953.2, 1953.3. "Ireland." London Times, August 5, 1856, p. 7 c. 1. "The Great Comet of 1556." Notes and Queries, s. 2 v. 2 (August 9, 1856): 105. (Limerick Observer, August 2, 1856; on microfilm).]

1856 Aug 1, about / Editor of Limerick Observer, Aug 7, writes that his own observations had convinced him that his friends had seen Jupiter. [II; 1954. (Limerick Observer, August 2, 1856).(Limerick Observer, August 7, 1856; microfilm @ BL) "The Great Comet of 1556." Dublin Daily Express, August 4, 1856, p. 1 c. 6. "Re-Appearance of the Great Comet of 1556." Dublin Freeman's Journal, August 4, 1856, p. 3 c. 6.]

1856 Aug / q in Honduras / Harpers Mag 14/164. [II; 1955. "Earthquake in Honduras." Harper's New Monthly Magazine, 14 (January, 1857): 164-173.]

1856 Aug 3 / See Oct. 12. / (Malta) / bet. 2:30 and 4 p.m. / N.M. / Times 19-7-b. For Zante, see Dec 29, '20 / Ap. 9, '22. [II; 1956. "Earthquake at Malta." London Times, August 19, 1856, p. 9 c. 2. For Zante, see: 1820 Dec 29, (I: 832, 833, 834, 835, and 837), and, (Ap. 9, '22.).]

1856 Aug 3 / Frgs / Aberdeen Journal, Aug. 13 / "The post-runner between Redearth and Kessock, when passing Artafelie, on Sunday last, was suddenly enveloped in what appeared to be a shower of frogs. They fell fast upon his hat and shoulders, and dozens of them found an easy resting place in his coat pockets. The air was quite darkened with them for about thirty yards by fourteen or fifteen yards, and the road was so densely covered with the dingy little creatures, that it was impossible to walk without treading on them. They were about the size of a bee, and were quite lively when they found themselves on the road." / Make ref. Inverness Courier of 8th. [II; 1957.1, 1957.2, 1957.3. "A Shower of Frogs." Inverness Courier, August 8, 1856, p. 5 c. 4. "A Shower of Frogs." Aberdeen Journal, August 13, 1856, p. 7 c. 3. Artafallie, (not Artafelie), Scotland.]

1856 Aug 9 / (Comet) / Account in Limerick Observer / On 3rd night not so large "but still far exceeded the most brilliant form in which the planet Jupiter has ever been beheld. [II; 1958, (Limerick Observer, August 7, 1856).]

1856 Aug 5 / [LT], 7-a / 11-8-e / Sept 8-9-c / 12-6-f / Comet in Ireland. [II; 1959. "Ireland." London Times, August 5, 1856, p. 7 c. 1. "Ireland." London Times, August 11, 1856, p. 8 c. 5. Hind, John Russell. "The Comet of 1556." London Times, September 8, 1856, p. 9 c. 3. "Ireland." London Times, September 12, 1856, p. 6 c. 6.]

1856 Aug 5 / (not F) / Aerolite / See 1855. [II; 1960. See: 1855 Aug 5, (II: 1864 to 1866).]

1856 Aug 7 or 14th / [?]1st // Ac to the Sligo Journal, copied in Lloyd's Weekly Newspaper. Several persons saw an object supposed to be the expected comet (1556). "It had the appearance of a large oval with a flowing tail. The body was a brilliant red, and the other portions of a pale blue tinge. The head was inclined toward the southwest. [II; 1961.1, 1961.2. "Re-Appearance of the Great Comet of 1566." Lloyd's Weekly Newspaper, August 17, 1856, p. 6 c. 4.]

1856 Aug 8-10 / Unusual meteors / Eng. * [II; 1962.]

1856 Aug 9 / Fire / Bedford Times, Aug. 16 / Owner of a vacant house in Glascow visited it at noon and found the roof of the butler's pantry on fire. "Will it be believed that there had not been a light in the house for six weeks?" Said that only thing could be thought of was that mice had nibbled matches. [A; 343.1, 343.2. (Bedford Times, August 16, 1856; not @ BNA.)]

1856 Aug 9 / Bedford Mercury of / In the Glenesake Mountains—a large number of sheep—at least 100—had been killed by foxes in a few nights. [A; 344. "Epitome of News." Bedfordshire Mercury, August 9, 1856, p. 4 c. 1. "A large number of sheep, not much less than 100, were killed in a few nights in the Glenesake mountains, by foxes." The "Glenesake mountains" were probably the Blue Stack Mountains, next to Lough Eske, in Donegal, Ireland.]

1856 or 1857 / Crocodile / In the Gentleman's Magazine, Aug, 1866, George R. Wright, F.S.A., tells of a young crocodile which had been killed by some laborers, who had seen it run from a stack of wood, 1856 or 1857, at Over-Norton, Oxfordshire—on a farm. Also see Field, 1861 or 1862. It was preserved by a naturalist and pronounced undoubtedly a crocodile. / November issue, C. Parr writes that 30 years before a person near Over-Norton had been pursued by a young crocodile, about a foot long, and had then killed it. Said that several years later another been seen there. / Aug 67., cor sends account of one 3 feet long killed in Staffordshire ab. 40 years before. / Field, Aug 9, 1862, writes he had examined the preserved specimen—a young crocodile ab. 14 inches long. The naturalist F. T. Buckland writes. / Aug 23, 1861—a cor writes that in the woods near where croc killed another was still seen occasionally ac to credible persons. [A; 345.1 to 345.5. Wright, George R. "Notes on a Young Crocodile Found in a Farm-Yard at Over-Norton, Oxfordshire." Gentleman's Magazine, n.s. v. 2 (August, 1866):  149-154. "Discovery of a Young Crocodile." Gentleman's Magazine, n.s. v. 2 (October, 1866): 496-497. Parr, C. "Crocodiles in England." Gentleman's Magazine, n.s. v. 2 (November, 1866): 640. Belfrage, John Henry. "Crocodiles in England." Gentleman's Magazine, n.s. v. 3 (January, 1867): 90-91. Belfrage, John Henry. "Crocodiles in England." Gentleman's Magazine, n.s. v. 4 (August, 1867): 215-216. (Also see Field, 1861 or 1862.).]

1856 Aug 10 / News of the World, 7-1 / Explosion at Dorking. Origin unknown but thought be from escape of gas. [A; 346. (News of the World, August 10, 1856, 7-1.)]

1856 Aug / Bedford fires / Period fires / See Sept. Oct, 1880, Canada. [A; 347.]

1856 Aug. 6 and 15 / Windover / Ac to The Bucks Advertiser of the 9th there was at Windover on Aug 2 a myst fire in the farm house occupied by Edwin Collins ab 11 p.m. There was no known cause for the fire and it was thought incendiary. / —of the 23rd, told that Elizabeth Chapman was charged with setting fire to the property of Mr. Juson, a baker, upon the 6th and 15th. There was no evdience against her. Said that she was suspected because there had been such fires where she had lived before—no details given. Said that no reason to think there had been the men that she said she saw: no marks in ground where she said she saw them. The magistrate said that the case was suspicious but that there was no evdience against the prisoner and discharged her. As to the fire near the oven Mr Juson learned that the fire began in the roof over the oven but that there had been no oven-fire for 30 hours. [A.348.1 to 348.5. (Buckingham Advertiser And Free Press, August 9 and 24, 1856; not at BNA.)]

1856 Aug / Have D. News for Aug. [A; 349.]

1856 Aug 11 / Mauna Loa / An. Reg. '56-16. [II; 1963. "Chronicle." Annual Register, 98 (1856): pt. 2, 1-204, at 16, cv. "The Volcano of Hawaii (Owyhee)."]

1856 Aug 12 / Series / See Aug 18 - Sept 11, 1907. [A; 350.]

1856 Aug 12 / Probably not Moulton and Morton, too. Mistake in a newspaper. /// McCann / God or Gorilla / [note cut off] on [note cut off]. [A; 351.]

1856 Aug 12 / Fire / Someone in Bedford, opened the door of an upper room in home of Mrs Moulton, of Bedford. "Volumes of smoke issued there from and directly after the bed furniture was in flames." This in the morning. Night before some one with a candle had been in the room and it was thought a spark from it had smouldered all night. / Bedford Times, Aug 16 / See other notes. [A; 352.1, 352.2. (Bedford Times, August 16, 1856; not @ BNA.)]

1856 Aug 12 / At the inquest somebody inquired as to electrical conditions at the time. Called an "inquest" because the coroner investigated. Seems that there had been considerable rain but nothing remarkable had been noted. [A; 353.]

1856 Aug 12 / Mortons house adjoining store yard of Howards foundry. / News of the World, Aug 24. [A; 354. (News of the World, August 24, 1856.)]

1856 [Aug 12] / Moulton (see other notes_ it is said was a foreman in Messrs Howard's iron foundry and lived in Horne-lane. Morton was a traveller for same firm and lived in Horne-lane—Said he was in Ireland at the time. / Said that the Moulton fire was on morning on 13th. / At Mortons the sulphur fire—afternoon of 12th. The first bed fire 1 1/2 hours later—also contents of a chest. On morning of 13th—eight o'clock—some "dirty linen" in a closet upstairs. Meantime Mr Howard had communicated with Mr Morton, who returned on 16th. Had been no further fires. Mr. M., night of 16th, took off stockings and other clothes, which were damp, and threw them on the floor. On the morning of 17th they were found burning. Then a succession of ab. 40 fires. In rooms, in closets, in drawers of bureaus. Neighbors and police came in—began to fear for their own safety. Not only objects all around but their own handkerchiefs flamed. / As to the fire in cellar of James Howard, in High Street—George Garratt testified that the fire occurred ab. time Mr. M. returned from Ireland—He said that the candle fell from the candlestick which he was carrying into some turpentine, which he had not seen on the floor. The flame ran along this, but it [word missing] toward the cask of turpentine from which he had supposed it had leaked, the cask itself did not burn though the fire in the cellar was serious. When earlier in day he had been to the cellar he had seen ni turpentine on the floor. / The brimstone was in a small earthenware jar placed in a bassinette of wickerwork. Said that the burning bromstone had flowed over into bas. and the floor—burning bas. and floor. / Things in the yard that took fire there and not in the house were placed next to things that had burned in the house. Property of the Mortons not insured. The house was insured. (ver.) / Ann Fennimore as to matche testified had ignited the brimstone with the third match, having failed with two. Ab 1 1/2 ounces of brimstone been used. / Had been used in no other room of the house. / At the inquiry Mr Howard protested against the fire in his cellar being investigated, saying that it had been an ordinary fire with nothing of the mysterious to it, and not relating in any way to the fires in Mortin's house. However, according to the Coroner, a relation existed at least in the rumors that it was the purpose of the inquiry to quiet. / Considering this attitude of Howard's, it may be that Garratt told details accordingly. The one mysterious circ that I think of is a leak in the cask of turpentine—fire running along it—no fire in the cask. It was a good-sized fire. [A; 355.1 to 355.14.]

1856 Aug. 12 / Other data in Bedford Mercury, Aug. 23 / 3 children in the house. / There was a peculiar odor by which could know there was a fire—but described by another as only "the smell of fire". The Moulton fire not mentioned in Bedford Mercury. [A; 356. "The Fires in Horne-lane." Bedfordshire Mercury, August 23, 1856, p. 3 c. 1-4.]

1856 Aug 12 / No Bedford Directory in B.M. / for Moulton. [A; 357.]

1856 Aug 12 / Called "inquest / The coroner only one who investigated. [A; 358.]

1856 Aug. 12 // Bedford Times of 23rd—The first myst fire (see Sept. 29) was in a straw mattress soon after the sulphur fire put out—after that a new fore every 5 minutes ac to testimony before the coroner at Bedford. / one fire on 13th / then three days and no fire / mostly in closets and chests, but on 17th carpet afire / brimstone burnt on 12th / Testimony of Mrs Morton and Ann Fennimore, servant. / Neither house nor furniture insured. First fire on 17th like the other Bedford case (also 12th) / upon entered a room finding bed on fire. Morton was away from home till 16th. Mrs Morton was home. The verdict of the Jury was that the first fire was accidental, but that as to cause of other fires not enough evidence to show. / It is said that in the cellar of the house of Morton's employer, James Howard, on another street, there had night of the 16th been a fire, and this outbreak as well as public curiosity and gossip, had brought on the inquiry, but seems clear this fire was accidental. George Garratt, a servant, had gone with a candle to a cellar, and the candle had fallen onto turpentine spilled on the floor. [A; 359.1 to 359.6. See: 1856 Sept 29, (A; 376).]

1856 (Aug 12) / A witness testified that in investigating generally he had picked up a pillow and had examined it. Then he was called upstairs to another fire. He says that it was extraordinary but while he was upon this upper floor, the pillow that he had picked up burst into flames. / Point against brimstone permeation in the house—Things that been burned and other things put out in the yard—here some of the other things burst into flames. [A; 360.1, 360.2.]

1856 Aug 12 / Seems have to accept that the first fire so soon followed by the beginning of the series did have relation—That something that wanted fires saw an opportunity to have a series associated with the accidental. / But seems that a spirit-pyromaniac had first of all tipped over the brimstone. [A; 361.]

1856 Aug. 12 / Like a spirit thing vengeful against both Morton and his employer. / As if in first case confounding Morton and Moulton. Here enters suggestion of a thing that could put bits of candle about like Hampstead, 1921, or San Fran, 1892—also Leamington, Feb., 1921. [A; 361.1, 361.2.]

1856 Aug 16 / night / Rouen / Immense cloud of small white moths burst over the town. In morning covered the ground, almost all dead. / Inverness Courier, 21st. [II; 1964. "A Shower of Moths." Inverness Courier, August 21, 1856, p. 7 c. 3.]

1856 Aug 16 / at Rouen / "An immense cloud of small white moths burst over the town and completely covered everything in a few seconds." / Bedford Mercury, Aug 23 / This at night—in morning found on the ground almost all dead. / (Suffolk Chronicle, (Aug. 16) / Almost all fell only upon one sid[e] of the river. [II; 1965.1, 1965.2. "Miscellaneous." Suffolk Chronicle, August 16, 1856, p. 2 c. 6-7. "A singular phenomenon presented itself on Saturday night at Rouen. An immense cloud of small white moths burst over the town, and completely covered the ground in a few seconds. What is singular is that they fell almost exclusively on the left bank of the river. In the morning they lay on the ground in myriads, and almost all dead." "Epitome of News." Bedfordshire Mercury, August 23, 1856, p. 4 c. 1.]

1856 Aug 17 // Suffolk Chronicle, 23rd / Early morn. at Ramsey, Essex. Stroke of lightning and cartful of wheat sheaves in a field burn. Not said if rain—but said fire not easily put out because water not available. [A; 363. (Suffolk Chronicle, August 23, 1856; not found.)]

1856 Aug 17 / Messina / Terrific hailstorm from the N-W. some of them weighed 2 rostoli each—or size of oranges. / Times, Aug 25 / I get from Trans Bombay Geog Soc 13/15. [II; 1966. (London Times, August 25, 1856.) "Malta.—Terrific Hailstorm at Messina."" Transactions of the Bombay Geographical Society, 13 (1856-1857): Appendix C, 15. A Sicilian rotolo weighed about 800 grams.]

1856 Aug 17 / Great q. / China / had been  minor q's several days before / Timbs '57-266. [II; 1967. "Earthquakes in 1856." Timbs' Year-Book of Facts in Science and Art, 1857, 266-270, at 266.]

1856 Aug 17 / Great q. / China / Details / La Sci Pour Tous 2-7. [II; 1968. "Tremblements de Terre en Chine; Destruction d'Une Ville." La Science Pour Tous, 2 (no. 1; December 11, 1856): 7-8.]

1856 Aug 12 / "Times" / [typescript]:

In the Lond[on] Times, August 21, 1856, there is an account of a series of occurrences that, the writer thinks, would not be out of place in one of Mrs. Radcliffe's novels, but seeming strange in the matter-of-fact columns of the Times, because it was as if old theories of spontaneous combustion and demoniac possession would come back.

A house in Bedford—owner away—servant in charge—and, upon August 12th, to get rid of vermin, she had fumigated the house with sulphur. The sulphur had set a floor afire. It is said that this fire was soon put out. Five days later, the occupant of the house, named Howard, returned. In his room, he took off his stockings, which were damp, and threw them on the floor. They burst into flames. The next day, in the presence of different witnesses, in different parts of the house, no less than thirty fires broke out. The matter was taken to the Magistrate's Court. Here, one witness testified that he had found damp towels, in his bedroom, on fire, and a woman testified that she opened a box of clothing, finding them burning. By the morning of the 18th, "the greater part of the property in the house had been hope of connecting the burning of sulphhur, of five days before, with these combustions, but that this idea had to be abdandoned, though two physicians had given their opinion that inflammable sulphurous fumes had permeated all things in the house. A discussion of this possibility by one of the physicians, and by disagreeing chemists appears in later issues of the Times. Usually, as to human reasoning, my own and that of everybody else, I take a view that may be a little gloomy, but I outline this discussion in the Times, with the idea of giving a more joyous sidelight upon logical processes, as they are, always correlating to something taken for a dominant, and not as they are ideally supposed to be:

That oxides of sulphur are not inflammable, but that a combination of sulphur and phosphorus is—the phosphorous might have been derived from the matches used to set the sulphur afire—but that would have been an oxide of phosphorus—nevertheless the aforesaid combination is inflammable—but to permeate a whole house, many matches must have been used—but the testimony in court was that only a few had been used—but many matches must have been used—but combination of sulphur and phosphorous is of a very disagreeable odor—but no odor had been noticed in this house—but that the sulphur did it anyway—but, for fumigating purposes, sulphur has been burned in millions of homes, never followed by such phenomena—but the sulphur did it.

[A; 364. A typescript note. "Spontaneous Combustion in the Town of Bedford." London Times, August 21, 1856, p. 9 c. 2.]

1856 Aug 21 / Letter dated [Aug 21] from Arequipa, Peru—for several hours each night for several weeks a comet. / Bicester Advertiser, Nov. 1, 1856. [II; 1969. (Bicester Advertiser, November 1, 1856; not @ BNA.) "The Comet." London Standard, October 8, 1856 p. 2 c. 5.]

1856 Aug 21 / Violent shocks / Algeria / Inverness Courier, Sept 4. Several villages destroyed. [II; 1970. "Earthquake in Algeria." Inverness Courier, September 4, 1856, p. 3 c. 1.]

1856 Aug 22 / Q destroyed town of Djidjelly, Algeria. / Cosmos-20-1. [II; 1971."Tremblement de terre en Algérie." Cosmos, 20 (January 3, 1862): 1.]

1856 Aug 22 and Oct 2 / Philippeville, Algeria / C.R. 43/589. 764, 5 / 44/586 / 46/515, 589. [II; 1972. Claubry, Gaultier de. "Sur les effets du tremblement de terre des 21 et 22 août dans certaines parties de l'Algérie." Comptes Rendus, 43 (1856): 589-590. "M. Gaultier De Claubry, qui avait précédemment communiqué...." Comptes Rendus, 43 (1856): 764-765. Sénarmont, Henri Hureau de. "Analyse des documents recueillis sur les tremblements de terre ressentis en Algérie du 21 août au 15 octobre 1856." Comptes Rendus, 44 (1857): 586-594. "Tremblements de terre en Algérie (février et mars 1858)." Comptes Rendus, 46 (1858): 515. "Tremblements de terre du 9 mars dans plusiers points du département d'Alger." Comptes Rendus, 46 (1858): 589-590.]

1856 Aug 24 / News of the World of, 4-6 / Incendiarism in Spain described as "insane mischief". In Andalusia—at Buendia, Andujar, Cordova, Lucena, Seville, and Jaen. [A; 365. (News of the World, August 24, 1856, 4-6).]

1856 Aug 24 / Lloyds Weekly Newspaper of, 2-3 / Much excitement at Wendover, Bucks. 3 fires of unknown origin. Two of them upon premises of a Mr. Juson. A woman named Chapman, who lived next door, who had given the alarm in both cases, saying she had seen a strange man leave, was arrested upon suspicion. [A; 366.1, 366.2. "Buckinghamshire.—Incendiarism and Suicide." Lloyd's Weekly Newspaper, August  24, 1856, p. 2 c. 3-4.]

1856 Aug 25 / St. Ives / Met listed by Lowe as "Curious". / Rec Sci 1/137. /// 293 / 371 / (132 / 53 / 371) / 147. [II; 1973. Greg, 94. Lowe, 134, 138, (Figure 22).]

1856 Aug. 31 / Met listed by Lowe as "Curious". / Rec. Sci 1/138 / Highfield House / by Lowe. [II; 1974. Greg, 94. Lowe, 138.]

1856 Sept 1 / Ormesby St Margaret / In th. storm, a fall of a column of water. / N.Q. 2-2-328. [II; 1975. Taylor, E.S. "Waterspouts on Land." Notes and Queries, s. 2 v. 2 (October 25, 1856): 328-329.]

1856 Sept 6 / All day and night, fires in London. [A; 367.]

1856 Sept. 7 / Essex Herald, Sept. 16 / Account of a fire at Castle Hedingham—reminds us of explanation of the Moulton fire—of unknown origin, but thought that all night a smouldering from a spark from a candle—or if not that spon comb of a box of matches. [A; 368. (1856 Essex Herald, September 16, 1856; not at BNA.) "Castle Hedingham.—Fire." Suffolk and Essex Free Press, September 11, 1856, p. 4 c. 3.]

1856 Sept 7 / Icicles / Lloyds Weekly Newspaper of, 2-2 (quoting the Newry Examiner) / that at Crossmaglen, Armagh, Ireland, been a great fall of hail, which consisted "strange to say, [consisted] of icicles and sharp flakes of ice". [II; 1976. "Destructive Hailstorm." Lloyd's Weekly Newspaper, September 7, 1856, p. 2 c. 2. "Melancholy Destruction of Property." Newry Examiner and Louth Advertiser, August 30, 1856, p. 2 c. 3. "The ice lay unmelted on the fields for two or three days, and this in the midst of tropical summer weather!"]

1856 Sept 7 / Ice / Can't find in Newry Examiner nor Belfast paper. [II; 1977. "Melancholy Destruction of Property." Newry Examiner and Louth Advertiser, August 30, 1856, p. 2 c. 3.]

1856 Sept. 10 / Date of the Manningtree fires / Essex Herald, 16th / near Colchester. [A; 369. (Essex Herald, September 16, 1856; not at BNA). "Mysterious Fires." Essex Standard, September 17, 1856. p. 2 c. 6. The fires occurred on September 9 and 10, 1856.]

1856 Sept. 13 / Bedford Mercury of / "There is now a very fine spot [up]on the sun." [II; 1978. "Epitome of News." Bedfordshire Mercury, September 13, 1856, p. 4 c. 1.]

1856 Sept 16 / [LT], 10-a / 18-9-e / 20-8-f // Spon Comb // at Bedford—Aug 21-9-b. [A; 370. "Spontaneous Combustion in the Town of Bedford." London Times, August 21, 1856, p. 9 c. 2. "The Late Fires in Bedford." London Times, August 23, 1856, p. 7 c. 5-6. Barker, T. Herbert. "The Mysterious Fires in Bedford." London Times, September 16, 1856, p. 10 c. 1. "Spontaneous Combustion." London Times, September 20, 1856, p. 8 c. 6. (London Times, September 18, 1856, p. 9 c. 5.)]

1856 Sept 17 / (+) / Fires / Suffolk Chronicle 20-4-4 / Bet 7 and 8 o'clock night of (17th)—see note—at home of Rev. B. Frankland, Wesleyan minister at Manningtree, a fire broke out in the library. "What makes it appear more mysterious is that a fire broke out in the front parlor of the house, underneath the library, on the previous afternoon, during Mr. and Mrs. F's absence, when it was discovered by a dressmaker working in another room. The damage was confined to a few articles of furniture and some skirting boards near the fireplace. There were no fires in the grates in either room and yet the flames broke out near the fireplaces in the skirting." Seemingly no knowledge of the Bedford fires. Said that the police were investigating but that no clue had been found to the mystery. / Manningtree, Essex. [A; 371.1 to 371.5. (Suffolk Chronicle, September 20, 1856, p. 4 c. 4.; not found.)]

1856 Sept 17 / Metite / Italy? / BA 60-94. [II; 1979. Greg, 94-95.]

1856 Sept 17 / 10:30 a.m. / Civita-Vecchia / great det met with train of fire / Cosmos 9/421. [II; 1980. "Nouvelles et Faits Divers." Cosmos, 9 (October 24, 1856): 421-428, at 421.]

1856 Sept 20 / "Comet" / Luton Times of, quotes Cork Examiner / that "Saturday night—13th or 6th? ) a luminous object larger than the moon was seen. At 10:30 p.m. it appeared in the W.S.W. Sank rapidly below horizon at 11 p.m. [II; 1981. "The Comet." Luton Times and Advertiser, September 20, 1856, p. 3 c. 2. (Cork Examiner, September, 1856; not at BNA.)]

1856 Sept 24 / Fires / News of the World 28-4-5 / Ab. 1 a.m. 4 ricks of hay on Boxted farm, ab. a mile from Boxmoor, Herts, on fire. Ac to a policeman on duty on the railroad line, all burst into flames simultaneously. Ab same time on another farm a rick on fire. Consequently attrib to incendiarism. [A; 372.1, 372.2. (News of the World, September 28, 1856, p. 4-5.)]

1856 Sept 28 / early morn. / Fire in the stacksyard at Ramsey of unknown origin. / Bedford Mercury, Oct. 4 / Ramsey, Hunts. [A; 373. "Ramsey." Bedfordshire Mercury, October 4, 1856, p. 3 c. 4.]

1856 Sept 28 / bet 11 and 12 p.m. / At Barrow large stack, 45 yards long, on fire of unknown origin. / Suffolk Chronicle, Oct. 4 // Early in morning of 12th of Oct. fire in a barn on same farm. / S. Chronicle, Oct 18. [A; 374. "Fire at Barrow." Suffolk Chronicle, October 4, 1856, p. 4 c. 3. "Incendiary Fire." Suffolk Chronicle, October 18, 1856, Supplement, p. 1 c. 1.]

1856 Sept. 29 / The Bicester fires / Bicester Advertiser, Oct 18—A committee formed to investigate—and £500. reward offered—and the Govt. offered pardon to any informing accomplice not an actual incendiary. [A; 375. (Bicester Advertiser, October 18, 1856).]

1856 Sept 29 / Bedford Times, Oct 11, quoting the Banbury Guardian / That upon a preceding Monday night at Bicester a fire on a farm. Next night fire upon another farm early in evening. 10 p.m., fire on another farm. About same time barn on another farm—very soon afterward on another farm. All these farms ab 1/2 mile apart. A few minutes later another fire upon a farm 1 1/2 miles away. Nothing found out; thought vengefulness of farm laborers against introduction of threshing machines. / Bicester ab 35 miles SW of Bedford. [A; 376.1 to 376.3. " (Banbury Guardian, 1856; not at BNA.) (Bedfordshire Times, October 11, 1856; not at BNA.)]

1856 Sept 30 / (Cut) / Penang, India / flash of lightning from clear sky / Trans Bombay Geog. Soc. 13/155. Struck top of a cocoanut tree, where loose fibrous matter burned for 3 hours. [II; 1982. "Globular Lightning, Fireballs of the glow discharge of Electricity contradistinguished from the Meteorolytes or Fireballs usually composed of solid matter." Transactions of the Bombay Geographical Society, 13 (1856-1857): 148-155, at 154-155, cv. "Penang." No mention is made, here, of a "clear sky."]

1856 // qs of Nice / from Oct, '56, to Sept, '57 / CR 45-446. [II; 1983. Prost. "Vibrations du sol observées à Nice du milieu d'octobre 1856 au milieu de septembre 1857." Comptes Rendus, 45 (1857): 446-447.]

1856 Oct. 5 / Bohemia / det met / BA 60-106. [II; 1984. Greg, 106.]

1856 Oct. 12 / q. / Malta / Sea receded two feet and a half. / An. Reg, '56-167 / Felt in Italy and Greece. [II; 1985. "Chronicle." Annual Register, 98 (1856): pt. 2, 1-204, at 167-168, cv. "Earthquake in the Mediterranean."]

1856 Oct 12 / qs—met—volc. / Times, 28—(See Nov 9.) / That Etna, which had been quiet 2 months, emitted smoke after the q. / 31 / 50 houses thrown down in Rhodes / Island of Candia, houses shaken down and many persons killed or injured—5 or 6 killed. Times, 31 / that th storms, winds, heavy rains, and waterspouts occurring at Malta were unexampled in records of the Island. [II; 1986.1, 1986.2. "The Recent Earthquake in the Mediterranean." London Times, October 28, 1856, p. 8 c. 6. "The Recent Earthquake in the Mediterranean." London Times, October 31, 1856, p. 7 c. 2. See: (Nov 9).]

1856 Oct / Vesuvius active, especially Oct 11-12, 23-27 / Inverness Courier, Nov 27. [II; 1987. "Vesuvius." Inverness Courier, November 27, 1856, p. 7 c. 3.]

1856 Oct. 12 / L.T. 18-6-f / at Sorrento / Before it a "peculiarly dense and ill-smelling fog had obscured the Bay". [II; 1989. "Earthquake at Sorrento." London Times, October 18, 1856, p. 6 c. 6.]

1856 Oct 12 / ab 2. a.m. / Malta—sound like thunder. "Sentries report a great red glare in the heavens to have preceded the outbreak." / L. Times 21-8-c. / Times, Nov 12—500 corpses dug out of the ruins at Candia. [II; 1990. "Earthquake at Malta." London Times, October 21, 1856, p. 8 c. 3. "The Late Earthquake in the Mediterranean." London Times, November 12, 1856, p. 5 c. 6.]

1856 Oct 12 / q. / Crete / 6000 houses destroyed / L.T., Jan 7-10-e, 1857 / 1856. [II; 1991. Ongley, H.S. "The Earthquake in Crete." London Times, January 7, 1857, p. 10 c. 5.]

1856 Oct 12 / Times, Dec.1 / that since Oct 12, many slight shocks been felt in Malta. [II; 1992. "The Late Earthquake in the Mediterranean." London Times, December 1, 1856, p. 10 c. 3.]

1856 Oct 12 / Rhodes / q / 3 a.m. / Timbs 57-270 / at Palermo, ab 2 a.m., Oct 11. [II; 1993. "Earthquakes in 1856." Timbs' Year-Book of Facts in Science and Art, 1857, 266-270, at 270.]

1856 Oct 12 / q and rain / ab 1:50 a.m. / Malta, and afterward deluged with rain / said that between Oct [17] and Nov 16, 21 inches fell / Timbs 57-270. [II; 1994. "Earthquakes in 1856." Timbs' Year-Book of Facts in Science and Art, 1857, 266-270, at 270.]

1856 Oct 12 / q and fog / Q felt at Sorrento, Italy, ab. 2 a.m. Before the q there had been a "peculiarly dense and ill-smelling fog". / L.T., Oct 18. [II; 1995. "Earthquake at Sorrento." London Times, October 18, 1856, p. 6 c. 6.]

1856 Oct 12 / 3 a.m. / Shocks / Alexandria, Egypt / Morn Post 30-5-1 / also Cairo. [II; 1996. "Sunday, the 12th, at three in the morning...." London Morning Post, October 30, 1856, p. 5 c. 1.]

1856 Oct 12 / See Vesuvius this period. [II; 1997.]

1856 Oct 12 / See Rhodes, March '63. [II; 1998. See: 1863, (III; 378).]

1856 Oct 13 / See Nov. 15, 1872. / Eclipse sun and moon / both above horizon? / See Dec. 5, 1881. [II; 1999. Partial lunar eclipses occurred on October 13, 1856, November 15, 1872, and, December 5, 1881. See: 1872 Nov. 15, (IV; 1024.), and, 1881 Dec 5, (V; 766).]

1856 Oct 13 / Mauna Loa still in full blast—had been in eruption 63 days. / An Reg '56-16. [II; 2000. "Chronicle." Annual Register, 98 (1856): pt. 2, 1-204, at 16, cv. "The Volcano of Hawaii (Owyhee)."]

1856 Oct 27 / St Ives / met listed by Lowe as "Curious" / Rec. Sci., 1/138. [II; 2001. Greg, 94. Lowe, 138.]

1856 Oct 28 / Missile through a train window near Woking. / M. Post 29-5-2. [A; 377. "A Shot Fired at a Railway Train." London Morning Post, October 29, 1856, p. 5 c. 2.]

1856 Oct 29 / Laybach / met train / 30 mins. / BA 60-17. [II; 2002. Greg, 94. Glaisher, James, and, John Hall Gladstone, Robert Philips Greg, Edward Joseph Lowe. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1859-60." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1860, 1-27, at 17.]

1856 Oct / Incend. / See LT / Nov. 15-10-e / 22-11-f / 24-5-e / 18-10-a / 20-7-f / 28-8-a. [A; 378. (London Times, November 20, 1856, p. 7 c. 6.) "Incendiarism near Nottingham." London Times, November 15, 1856, p. 10 c. 5. "Incendiary Fire near Doncaster." London Times, November 18, 1856, p. 10 c. 1. "More Incendiarianism near Nottingham." London Times, November 19, 1856, p. 12 c. 4. "More Incendiarianism near Nottingham." London Times, November 22, 1856, p. 9 c. 5. "More Incendiary Fires near Nottingham." London Times, November 24, 1856, p.5 c. 5. "The Late Incendiary Fire at Hatfield, near Doncaster." London Times, November 28, 1856, p. 8 c. 1.]

1856 Nov. / Witchcraft / parish of Hockham / LT, 1857, Ap. 7-10-b. [A; 379. "Witchcraft in the Present Day." London Times, April 7, 1857, p. 10 c. 2-3.]

1856 Nov 6 / Times, Nov 19 / said that the heavy rain for 30 days after the q had, on Nov 9, ended up with so heavy a fall of hail that cartloads and boatloads were collected and sold to an ice contractor. [II;  

1988. "Hailstorm at Malta." London Times, November 19, 1856, p. 10 c. 5.]

1856 Nov. 8 / [LT], 7-c / 11-9-e / Dec 31-7-c / Jupiter. [II; 2003. "The Planet Jupiter." London Times, November 8, 1856, p. 7 c. 3. "Occultation of Jupiter by the Moon." London Times, November 11, 1856, p. 9 c. 5. "The Planet Jupiter." London Times, December 31, 1856, p. 7 c. 3.]

1856 Nov. 11 / [LT], 12-e / Myst drowning of 3 men. [A; 380. "Mysterious Case of Drowning." London Times, November 12, 1856, p. 12 c. 5.]

1856 Nov 12 / (It) / Piedmont / (F) / Trenzano, Brescia / Metite / B.A., 60 / See 1883. [II; 2004. Fletcher, 102. This is the Trezano meteorite. Greg, 94.]

1856 Nov. 21 - 22 / Night / 2nd fire within a week, farm of Mr. Baker near Nottingham / LT 24-5-e. [A; 382. "More Incendiary Fires near Nottingham." London Times, November 24, 1856, p. 5 c. 5.]

1856 Nov. 22 / [LT], 12-f / Remarkable Fantasy. [A; 381. "A Remarkable Case of Fantasy." London Times, November 22, 1856, p. 12 c. 6.]

1856 Nov. 22 / [LT], 12-f / Fantasy. [A; 383. "A Remarkable Case of Fantasy." London Times, November 22, 1856, p. 12 c. 6.]

1856 Dec 8 / [LT], 11-d / Myst. disap. of property in Derry. [A; 384. "Mysterious Disappearance of Property." London Times, December 8, 1856, p. 11 c. 4.]

1856 Dec 12 / ab. noon / Quito, Ecuador / ashes thickly falling to 7 p.m.—attrib to Cotopaxi, and then to another far distant volc / A. J. Sci 2/23/276. [II; 2005. Jones, George. "On a Shower of Ashes over the plains of Quito." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 23 (1857): 276-277. "It is now pretty well ascertained that the ashes were not from Cotopaxi, but from a volcano called Laraurco, in a wild country to the eastward of this, a considerable distance." "Still doubts about the origin of the ashes; more probably they are from Cotopaxi." Cotopaxi was erupting from October to December, 1856; but, the "Laraurco" volcano may be the Reventador volcano, which erupted on December 12 to 13, 1856, as well as in 1844. "There was a similar shower of ashes from that volcano in 1844, about as heavy as this, but on that occasion the air was more obscured than at this tie, so much so that people had to use lanterns along the streets in Quito, at midday."]

1856 Dec. 13 / Met—Highfield House—by Lowe / listed by him as "Curious". / Rec Sci. 1/138. [II; 2006. Greg, 94. Lowe, 138.]

1856 Dec 14, 27 / 1857 May 18, June 6, Aug 15, Oct 7 // Mets / Olmütz / BA '69-282. [II; 2007. Glaisher, James, and, Robert Philips Greg, Edward William Brayley, Alexander Stewart Herschel, Charles Brooke. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1868-69." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1869, 216-308, at 282.]

1856 Dec 15 / [LT], 10-a / Flood ext. in York. [II; 2008. "Extraordinary Flood." London Times, December 15, 1856, p. 10 c. 1.]

1856 Dec. 25 / q / India / Bombay / I / [Light] / BA '11. [II; 2009. Milne, 713.]

1856 Dec. 26 / Ext hail / Mem Soc Sci Cherbourg 4-337. Cosmos 8-58. [II; 2010. "Observation d'une chute de grêle remarquable." Mémoires de la Société impériale des sciences naturelles de Cherbourg, 4 (1856): 337-339. "Nouvelles et Faits Divers." Cosmos,  8 (January 18, 1856): 57-58, at 58.]

1856 Dec 30 / q—cold (one degree above zero) and snow for several hours / City of Mexico / An Reg, 1857-23. [II; 2011. "Chronicle." Annual Register, 99 (1857): pt. 2, 1-262, at 23, cv. "Earthquake in Mexico."]

1856 Dec 30 / 4 a.m. / near equator and 20 or 22 degrees W. Longitude / La Sci Pour Tous, 2-143 / Vessel felt concussions and metallic sounds. In fine weather. [II; 2012. "Volcan Sous-Marin Existant Prés de l'Equateur et Vers le 20e ou 22e Degré de Longitude Occidentale." La Science Pour Tous, 2 (no. 18; April 9, 1857): 143.]

1857:

1857 / Sleeper, Susan C. Godsey, near Hickman, Kt. / See July 14, 1869. [A; 385. See: 1869 July 14, (A; 547).]

1857 // about /// Sun / "minimum" time. [II; 2015.]

1857 // Mrs Stephens Monthly, in 1857 / an account of Barisal Guns of Seneca Lake. [II; 2016. Cooper, James Fenimore. "The Lake Sun." Mrs. Stephens' Illustrated New Monthly, 3 (November 1857): 207-211. James Fenimore Cooper provided an earlier account of the detonating sounds at Seneca Lake, New York, in this short story, in 1851. "The 'Lake Gun' is a mystery. It is a sound resembling the explosion of a heavy piece of artillery, that can be accounted for by none of the known laws of nature. The report is deep, hollow, distant, and imposing. The lake seems to be speaking to the surrounding hills, which send back the echoes of its voice in accurate reply. No satisfactory theory has ever been broached to explain these noises. Conjectures have been hazarded about chasms, and the escape of compressed air by the sudden admission of water; but all this is talking at random, and has probably no foundation in truth. The most that can be said is, that such sounds are heard, though at long intervals, and that no one as yet has succeeded in ascertaining their cause."]

1857, early in / Bewitched farm near Rugeley / An. Reg 1857/50. [A; 387. "Chronicle." Annual Register, 99 (1857): pt. 2, 1-262, at 49-50, cv. "Witchcraft in the Nineteenth Century."]

1857 Jan / Meteoric dust / Syria and Egypt / ac to Ehrenberg / Le Courier des Sciences, N.S., 1/63. [II; 2017. (Le Courier des Sciences, N.S., 1/63; not found by this title.) Ehrenberg, Christian Gottfried. "Hr. Ehrenberg las und sprach über zwei Staub-Meteore aus Wesphalen und Syrien sammt deren Vergleichung mit dem Passatstaub und mit 2 neuen centralafrikanischen Oberflächen-Erden." Monatsberichte der Königlich-Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1860, 137-157, at 148-151.]

1857 Jan 2 / Occult of Jupiter by Moon. [II; 2013.]

1857 Jan 2 / Met of / [LT], Jan 6-12-d. [II; 2014. Haviland, Alfred. "The Meteor of January 2." London Times, January 2, 1857, p. 12 c. 4. "Its form was that of an immense torch projected with great force; and previously to its disappearance it seemed to explode and send forth splendidly coloured cruscations, reminding both myself and groom of a highly successful Roman cansle. The head of the meteor appeared relatively to be about the size of the moon, which at the time was surrounded by a very complete halo."]

1857 Jan 2 / 6:30 p.m. / Meteor size Moon at time of occultation of Jupiter / L.T. 6-12-d. The occult had just taken place. / at Bridgewater. [II; 2018. Haviland, Alfred. "The Meteor of January 2." London Times, January 2, 1857, p. 12 c. 4. "The occultation of Jupiter by the moon had just taken place, and the fact of this planet having been obseved at one time to be near the upper limb of our satellite, and then beneath the lower part of her disc at a later period of the evening, gave rise, associated, as it was, with the meteor and the splendid halo, to many a superstitious dread in the minds of the peasantry who witnesssed the phenomena."]

1857 Jan 9 / bet 8 and 9 a.m. / shock / Cal. / A. J. Sci 2/25/146. [II; 2019. Trask, John B. "On the Direction and Velocity of the Earthquake in California of January 9, 1857." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 25 (1858): 146-147.]

[1857 Jan 17. Wrong date. See: 1857 June 17, (II; 2020).]

1857 Jan 21 / [LT], 10-a / Explosion / powder magazine / Time of q. [A; 386. "Foreign Intelligence." London Times, January 21, 1857, p. 10 c. 1-3. (No mention of a quake. None on this date in Milne. Date of explosion??? Before January 11, 1857. Fix.).]

1857 Jan 25 / 3:20 p.m. / Beeston / slight shock and rumbling sound / L.T. 28-4-d. [II; 2021. Lowe, Edward Joseph. "Earthquake." London Times, January 18, 1857, p. 4 c. 4.]

1857 Jan 29 / Jupiter, Moon and Venus in a st. line / Astro Reg 1/189. [II; 2022. Chambers, George Frederick. "Planetary Conjunctions." Astronomical Register, 1 (December 1863): 188-189.]

1857 Feb / New star in Orion? / See CR 20/44. / Index, "Astro". [II; 2023. Porro, Ignazio. "Astronomie.—Découverte d'une nouvelle étoile dans le quadrilatère de la nébuleuse d'Orion." Comptes Rendus, 44 (1857): 1031. "Astronomie.—M. Porro communique à l'Académie une Lettre du P. Secchi relative à l'étoile aperçue par lui dans le trapèze d'Orion...." Comptes Rendus, 44 (1857): 1279-1282. "1e. Que le R. P. Secchi a pu observer le 10 février dernier avec son magnifique équatorial la petite étoile découverte par M. Porro à Paris avec son réfracteur de 52 centimètres." Secchi had difficulty confirming the existence of a small star in the center of the Trapezium, ("une petit etoile dans le centre du quadrilatrere d'Orion"), but accepted Porro's claim of its discovery. The fifth and sixth stars in the Orion Trapezium, discovered by Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve, in 1826, and by John Herschel, in 1830, would be on the outer part of the Trapezium, (not "dans le centre"). The seventh, (G, the next brightest, with a magnitude of 13.68, inside of the Trapezium), wasn't "discovered" until 1888 by Alvan Clark with his 36-inch refractor telescope. Porro's new star was again reported, as seen on March 15, 1857, and its position was provided on a sketch, (with no accurate measures). D'Abbadie, Antoine Thomson. "Discovery of a New Star in the Nebula of Orion." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 17 (June 12, 1857): 245. "As there was no ring-micrometer at hand and the faintness of the stars prevented illuminating the wires, no measures were taken, but M. Porro thinks that the relative declination of the star P is not so good as its relative R.A. The stars P, D', D", and S disappeared under a very faint illumination, H alone remaining then visible."]

1857 Feb 2 / [LT], 8-b / Ext. flights of larks. [II; 2024. "Extraordinary Flight of Larks." London Times, February 2, 1857 p. 8 c. 2. At Regent's Park, London, on January 31st, a correspondent writes: "Their numbers were countless, and they literally darkened the air; they were flying very low, and were obliged to divide in order to pass me on either side.... I stayed on the spot for upwards of an hour, during which time flight after flight passed over me, sometimes in detachments of a few hundreds, at others in myriads."]

1857 Feb. 7 / [LT], 12-f / Lunar phe. [II; 2025. Lowe, Edward Joseph. "Lunar Phenomenon."London Times, February 7, 1857, p. 12 c. 6. A double lunar halo, with a portion of a third halo, was observed on February 4th, at Beeston.]

1857 Feb 14 / Montbéliard / 4 a.m. p.m. / q—sound like cannon and gust of wind. C.R. 44-874. [II; 2026. "Note sur une secousse de tremblement de terre ressentie aux environs de Montbéliard." Comptes Rendus, 44 (1857): 874-876. At 4:45 A.M.]

1857 Feb. 16 / Holland / Large met / [BA] 69-282. [II; 2027. Glaisher, James, and, Robert Philips Greg, Edward William Brayley, Alexander Stewart Herschel, Charles Brooke. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1868-69." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1869, 216-308, at 282.]

1857 Feb. 18 / (Hun) / Hungary, etc. / 3 a.m. / det met seen / BA '60. [II; 2028. Greg, 94.]

1857 Feb 24 / [LT], 5-b. / Met / Blackheath. [II; 2029. "To the Editor of the Times." London Times, February 24, 1857, p. 5 c. 2.]

1857 Feb 25 / Celebes / q. / BA '11. [II; 2030. Milne, 713.]

1857 Feb. 28 / Parnalee / stone / 2 stones . ab. noon, / good account / A.J. Sci 2/32/401, 442 / terrific sounds. 9-14' N / 78-21' E. [II; 2031. Fletcher, 102. This is the Parnallee meteorite. Greg, 94. Cassels, J. Lang. "Notice of a Meteorite which fell in Hindostan in 1857." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 32 (1861): 401-403. Haidinger, William. "Notices of Meteoric Masses." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 32 (1861): 440-443, at 442.]

1857 Feb. 28 / near village of Parnalee, India / Rumbling in sky and stone fall later. / Trans. Bombay Geog. Soc. 13 / Appendix B. See June 8, 1834. [II; 2032. "Fall of Meteoric Stones." Transactions of the Bombay Geographical Society, 13 (1856-1857): Appendix B, 5-7. See: 1834 ab. June 8, (I; 1888).]

1857 Feb 28 / Parnalee, S of Madura, Hindostan / dets. / BA '61/35. [II; 2033. Glaisher, James, and, John Hall Gladstone, Robert Philips Greg, Edward Joseph Lowe. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1860-61." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1861, 1-44, at 35-36.]

1857 March 3 / Det met / Smyrna / See 1805. / 11:30 p.m. [II; 2034. (Galli, Ignazio. "Raccolta e classificazione di fenomeni luminosi osservati nei terremoti." Bollettino della Società Sismologica Italiana, 14 (1910): 221-448.) See: (1805 July 26, (I; 146)).]

1857 March 12 / (Sound and parahelion) / 7:30 a.m. / A parahelion at Feings (Montagne, Orne) . The sound from 5 to 5:30 p.m. C.R. 44-574. [II; 2035. "M. Gautier, instituteur primaire à Feings, canton de Mortagne (Orne) transmet la description...." Comptes Rendus, 44 (1857): 574.]

1857 March 12 / Feings (Orne) / Sounds like wind shut[ting][?] not the slightest wind at time—for 1/2 hour / C.R., 44-574. La Sci Pour Tous 1857/143. [II; 2036. "M. Gautier, instituteur primaire à Feings, canton de Mortagne (Orne) transmet la description...." Comptes Rendus, 44 (1857): 574. (La Science Pour Tous, 1857-143). The description of "le vent dans les portes" suggests the sound of wind rattling doors.]

1857 March 21 / Mud / Corfu / Edinburgh New, N.S., 6/174. [II; 2037. Lawson, George. "Remarks on Dust Showers, with Notice of a Shower of Mud which occurred at Corfu on 21st March 1857." Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal, n.s., 6 (1857): 173-174. "The second question is more difficult to solve; namely, is this native dust, or has it been imported by aerial currents from Africa? From the state of the weather during the three previous days, I am led to favour the latter opinion, and forward an extract from my meteorological register."]

1857 March 23 / (Darkness) / Bolton-le-Moors. / Liv. Age 55-61. [II; 2038. "Darkness at Mid-Day." Living Age, 55 (s. 2, v. 19; 1857): 61. "Darkness at Mid-Day." Notes and Queries, s. 2 v. 3 (May 9, 1857): 366.]

1857 March 30 / 4:35 p.m. / LT, Ap 1-11-f / At Whitechurch, Salop. A waterspout, or broad band of cloud ending in a point, from sky to earth. Heavy rain fell. Nothing said of anything going up. [II; 2039. "A Waterspout." London Times, April 1, 1857, p. 11 c. 6.]

1857 Ap. 1 / Heredia, Costa Rica / (F?). [II; 2040. Fletcher, 102. This is the Heredia meteorite.]

1857 Ap. 5 / Stavropol / N side of the Caucasas, Russia / (F). [II; 2041. Fletcher, 102. This is the Stavropol meteorite.]

1857 Ap. 6 / [LT], 12-d / Sunspots. [II; 2042. "Solar Spots." London Times, April 6, 1857, p. 12 c. 4. On April 3, a correspondent writes: "Now, however, a group of four—two pretty conspicuous and two very minute ones—have entered on the northern hemisphere, and the state of the borders of the disc in their neighbourhood is such as to indicate the probable appearance of more or enlargement of those existing."]

1857 Ap. 6 / Moluccas / 1. / I/ [light] / BA '11. [II; 2043. Milne, 713.]

1857 Ap. 6 / Met from near Alpha Persei to near Venus / B Assoc '58-139. [II; 2044. Powell, Baden. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1857-58." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1858, Reports on the State of Science, 137-157, at 139.]

1857 Ap. 6 / Metite? / LT—21-8-f. / Dr. Dussourt, near Colmar, France, afternoon, heard a whistling sound and saw a black object rather pear-shaped—from 11 to 15 inches long and thick as a man's arm—not pear—it was spherical at one end and pointed the other. Passed ab 100 yards above him. [II; 2045.1, 2045.2. "Fall of an Aerolite in France." London Times, April 21, 1857, p. 8 c. 6.]

1857 Ap 9 / q. / Asia Minor / II / [medium] / BA '11. [II; 2046. Milne, 713.]

1857 Ap. 11 / 8:50 p.m. / Lake Winnibigoshish, Minn / splendid meteor in Hydra moving westward. Greater than full moon / train 5 or 10 minutes / moved very slowly N or N.E. / A.J. Sci 2/24/158 / BA 60-94. [II; 2047. Odell, B.F. "Notice of a brilliant Meteor seen near Lake Winnibigoshish, Minnesota, April 11, 1857." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 24 (1857): 158. Greg, 94-95.]

1857 Ap. 12 / Lightning in Nottingham—attrib to storm far away, near Cape Griz Nez / Jour Met Soc 30/29. "As far [north] as Nottingham" / In Jour 14/299, distance give=175 miles. [II; 2048. Marriott, William. "The Thunderstorms of May 18th and 19th, 1888." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 14 (no. 68; October 1888): 296-299, at 299, cv. "Discussion." Symons, George James. "Report on the Thundestorms of 1857." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 30 (January 1904): 29-40, at 29. "The striking uniformity in the times and points of the compass assigned to this storm from the three stations of Uckfield, London, and Nottingham apparently demonstrates the visibility of a storm over a lne of country 150 miles in length, and therefore the altitude of the electrical discharges must have been great."]

1857 Ap. 15 / (F) / Metite / Kaba, Hungary / 10 p.m. / A.J. Sci 2/27/424. [II; 2049. Fletcher, 102. This is the Kaba meteorite. "Kaba-Delreczin Meteorite." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 27 (1859): 424.]

1857 Ap. 15 / (Hun) / Resinous / Hungary / (D-72, 77). [II; 2050. The note copies information from pages 72 and 77 of The Book of the Damned. Greg, 94-95. "The resinous matter like ozocerite; possibly absorbed in passing through the atmosphere, or from the earth into which it would have fallen when hot." Atkinson, Edmund. "Chemical notices from foreign journals." London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, s. 4, 17 (June 1859): 422-30, at 424-425. "In an analysis of a meteoric stone which fell at Kaba in Hungary, Wöhler made the interesting observation that it contained a substance of organic origin. The stone had the usual composition of a meteorite, but contained in addition a certain quantity of free carbon, and, further, a smal quantity of a carbonaceous, readily fusible, and partially volatile substance, soluble in alcohol. The substance had most analogy with the fossil waxes, as ozokerite; but the quantity was too small to permit of a quantitative investigation." Wöhler, Friedrich. "Ueber die Bestandtheile des Meteorsteines in Ungarn." Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie, 109 no. 3 (March 1859): 344-348. The Kaba meteorite is a carbonaceous chondrite.]

1857 May 2 / [LT]. 7-f. [II; 2051. "Witchcraft." London Times, May 2, 1857, p. 7 c. 6. "Those who have studied the modern phenomena of mesmerism, clairvoyance, and others more startling still, and who have paid attention to the instances of spontaneous development of these phenomena, abounding throughout the literature, the chronicles, and legends of antiqua and mediæval times, are struck with a sameness so complete between the old phenomena and the new as to be irresistibly led to infer the existence of an occult law to which they must be reducible." This letter to the Editor refers to a previous letter on the subject of witchcraft, which he lamented  had continued to be widely believed in the "rural population." "Witchcraft." London Times, April 27, 1857, p. 12 c. 4.]

1857 May 2 / N.M. / b. rain / Glastonbury / Gardeners' Chronicle, May 9. [II; 2052. "Black Rain.." Gardeners' Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette, 1857 no. 19 (May 9): 326. "Have any of your correspondents remarked the peculiar black colour of the rain water which fell on Saturday, the 2d inst., or accounted for it? Throughout this neighbourhood it was the case. There was much lightning and blight at the time. Glastonbury, May 5."]

1857 May 9 / Venus Inf conjunction Sun / (A 1). [II; 2053.]

1857 May 20 / Dark / Persia / 122 / (D-223). [II; 2054. The note copies information from page 223 of The Book of the Damned. "Chronicle." Annual Register, 99 (1857): pt. 2, 1-262, at 132-133, cv. "Extraordinary phenomenon."]

1857 May 21 / Deluge / France / An. Soc. Met 5-179. [II; 2055. "Communications." Annuaire de la Société Météorologique de France, 5 (1857): 172-191, at 179-185.]

1857 May 23 / [LT], 6-b / June 23-12-f / 29-12-c / Expected comet. [II; 2056. "The Comet." London Times, May 23, 1857, p. 6 c. 2. "Should an instance of actual contact occur, there seems no more reason to infer convulsion from the attack than in the case of a squadron of clouds striking the top of a mountain."  "The Comet." London Times, June 23, 1857, p. 12 c. 6. "Our letters from Malta mention that at a few minutes after 5 p.m. on Sunday the 14th, a bright luminous band of variegated hues was observed to shoot across the heavens in a direction from east to west, remaining visible merely a few minutes." Carrington, Richard Christopher. "A New Comet." London Times, June 29, 1857, p. 12 c. 3. "A tolerably bright telescopic comet was discovered on the 22d by Dr. Klinkerfues, of Gottingen, about an hour after midnight.... It may not be unnecessary to add that the appearance and path of the present body offer no similarity to those of the comet of 1556." This comet was C/1857 M1. "New Comet." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 17 (1857): 253.]

[1857 May 24. Wrong date. See: 1858 May 24, (II; 2057).]

[1857 May 24 /] 1873 May 22 / fishes fell ab 5 p.m. at Eystrup, near Bremen. said ab same time a water spout move from ocean / from Amer Museum Nat. Hist 21-615. [IV; 1218. Gudger, Eugene Willis. "Rain of Fishes." American Museum Journal, 21 (1921): 607-619, at 615.]

[1857 May 24 /] 1873 May 22 / Bremen / fishes / Abhandlungen Nat. Verein, Bremen 3-440. [IV; 1219. Buchenau, Franz. "Ein Fischregen." Abhandlungen Herausgegeben vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein zu Bremen, 3 no. 4 (December, 1873): 440. "Mittheilung der Weser-Zeitung vom 25. Mai 1857. Abend-Ausgabe. Bremen, 24. Mai. Vorgestern Nachmittag gegen 5 Uhr fielen in der Gegend von Eystrup während eines Gewitters eine Menge Fische auf und neben den Eisenbahndamm. Es waren kleine sogenannte Weissfische. Man bringt das Erscheinen dieser ungewöhnlichen Gäste mit einer Wasserhose in Verbindung, welche, wie später an die hiesige Eisenbahndirection berichtet wurde, ziemlich um dieselbe Zeit sich aus dem etwa vier Meilen entfernten Steinhuder Meer erhob."

1857 May 28 / 11:30 p.m. / Cheshire / large met / BA 67-417. [II; 2058. Glaisher, James, and, Robert Philips Greg, Edward William Brayley, Alexander Stewart Herschel, Charles Brooke. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1866-67." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1867, 288-430, at 417.]

1857 June / A Langloft waterspout / See July 3, 1892. [II; 2059. See: (1892 July 3).]

1857 June 13 / 4 p.m. /Schuyler, N.Y. / Tornado / Finley's Rept. [II; 2060. Finley, 3.]

1857 June 13 / Deerfield, N.Y. / Tornado / Finley's Rept. [II; 2061. Finley, 3.]

1857 June 13 / Oswego Co., N.Y. / Tornado / Finley's Rept. [II; 2062. Finley, 3.]

1857 June 14 / Japan / q. / II / [Medium] / B.A. '11. [II; 2063. Milne, 713.]

1857 June 16 / 11:28 a.m. / strong q. / Clermont-Ferrand / q. and rolling sound / then thunder and hail / C.R. 45-34. [II; 2064. Lecoq, Henri. "Tremblement de terre du 16 juin ressenti à Clermont Ferrand." Comptes Rendus, 45 (1857): 34-35.]

1857 June 17 / Ab 1:45 p.m., on a farm 10 miles s.w. from Ottawa, Ill., cinders that fell from a dense black cloud. They were warm. Specimens were sent to the Editor of the A.J. Sci. They were like volcanic bombs, glassy exterior, cellular inside—black. A.J. Sci 2/24/449. [II; 2065. "Supposed Meteorite." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 24 (1857): 449.]

[1857 June 17 /] 1857 Jan 17 / Cinders / U.S. / Ill. / (29) / D-71. [II; 2020. The note copies information from page 71 of The Book of the Damned. "Supposed meteorite." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 24 (1857): 449. The fall occurred on June 17, 1857, (not in January).]

1857 June 17 / Tornado / Oneida Co., N.Y. / A.J. Sci. 2/24/290. [II; 2066. "The Schuyler Tornado, Oneida County, New York." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 24 (1857): 290-293.]

1857 // summer /// Swarm of V. cardui in Piedmont like in 1879 / Nature 20-255. [II; 2067. "Notes." Nature, 20 (July 10, 1879): 254-256, at 255.]

1857 July 4 / [LT], 6-a / body on Mt. Snowdon. [A; 388. "Discovery of Human Remains." July 4, 1857, p. 6 c. 1. Some bones and clothing of an unknown person were found on Mynydd Mawr, west of Snowden, in North Wales.]

1857 July 20 / Met—St. Ives, Hunts. / Met went up from Ursa Minor to Camelopardalis, "remained stationary for upwards 5 minutes, then slowly passed downward. / BA 57-137. [II; 2068. Greg, 94. Powell, Baden. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1856-57." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1857, Reports on the State of Science, 131-153, at 136-137.]

1857 July 28 / (fish[?]) / LT, 11-e, quoting Northern (Wick) Ensign / At Brora, large numbers of herrings scattered in one of the Dalihalm gardens, ab. 1/2 mile from the sea. [II; 2069. "A Shower of Herrings." London Times, May 23, 1857, p. 6 c. 2. "A Brora correspondent informs us that a considerable sensation has been created in that neighbourhood by there being found a large quantity of herrings, on a recent morning, lying scattered in one of the Dalihalm gardens, which is nearly half a mile from the shore. When cooked the herrings were found quite good and fresh; and it is regarded, from numerous substantial reasons, as impossible that they could have been carried by any individuals, and thus scattered by them over the garden. They filled an average sized basket. Many conjectures are afloat as to the cause of this singular phenomenon; but the most likely is that it has been occasioned by a waterspout, several instances of a like character having occurred in the north since the commencement of the present century. The superstitious have made the most of this occurrence, and some are found to be in a state of indignation against the persons who dared to eat fish found under such equivocal circumstances, But we are glad to add that no judgment has yet overtaken them for such a daring act of impiety.—Northern (Wick) Ensign."]

1857 July 30 / [LT], 12-d / 22-12-f. [II; 2070. "Witchcraft in Bristol." London Times, July 30, 1857, p. 12 c. 4. "Witchcraft." London Times, July 22, 1857, p. 12 c. 6. Two different court cases, at Bristol and at York, involved people who pretended to practice witchcraft.]

1857 Aug 3 (?) / Ice / Cricklewood, Eng. / (D-177). [II; 2071. The note copies information from page 177 of The Book of the Damned. "Extraordinary Meteorological Phenomena." London Times, August 4, 1857, p. 10 c. 2. ]

1857 Aug 12 / Maximum of Perseids and very abundant in Belgium / BA 57-153. [II; 2072. Powell, Baden. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1856-57." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1857, Reports on the State of Science, 131-153, at 153.]

1857 / middle of August // Hancock Co, Ohio / Someone saw an angel in the sky—tbut it came down and spoke to her. / Sun, Feb 5-8-6, 1888. [II; 2073. "Face to Face with an Angel." New York Sun, February 5, 1888, p. 8 c. 6. A young daughter and her mother see an angel, who predictsd their deaths. (Check names against local records. Father was William Charles, location was Orange Township.)]

1857 Aug 13 / Stones in a horse's stomach / L.T., 1850, Ap. 29-3-e / See Jan., 1922. [II; 2074. "Stones in a Horse's Stomach." London Times, April 29, 1850, p. 3 c. 5. See: (1922 Jan.).]

1857 Aug 13 / Obj at Nottingham. D / obje[ct] / "On Aug 13[th], (1857), a ball as smooth and round as a billiard-ball, and larger than a cricket-ball, fell N. of Nottingham". E.J. Lowe / Brit Assoc 1857/140. [II; 2075. Powell, Baden. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1856-57." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1857, Reports on the State of Science, 131-153, at 140).]

1857 Aug 13, 14 / tremendous th. storms / The Nottingham Review, Aug 21, 1857, gives more than a page to various accounts. [II; 2076. (Nottingham Review, Aug 21, 1857).]

1857 Aug 13 / (with) / Th. stone / Ciel et Terre, Dec. 1, 1901 / That Musée de l'Etat Independent du Congo had received from M. Waquez, Commandant at Suruango, stone said fallen in a thunderstorm in 1893. Spheroidal and had concentric "couches". [II; 2077. "Un Prétendu Aérolithe au Congo." Ciel et Terre, 22 (1901-1902): 479.]

1857 Aug 13 / Nottingham Review, Aug 21—after the great storm of the 13th, a large ball rather larger than a cricket ball had been found in a pasture at Calverston—perfectly spherical, of an olive green or grayish color, and the surace polished like marble. The object was taken to Dr. Wilson, of Nottingham, and he "pronounced it to be a concretion or stone from the intestines of a horse. It weighed 17 ounces. "It was not above two thirds of the weight of marble, and a slight bruise on the surface showed that in its outward texture at least it was composed of thin layers." [II; 2078.1 to 2078.4. (Nottingham Review, August 21, 1857; not at BNA).]

1857 Aug 13 / Chem News 23/199 / An account of the calculus from a horse—extracted from a horse"—and a sketch of an aggregated object of very convoluted appearance. [II; 2079. Stark, James F. "Analyses of an Earthball and Intestinal Calculus from the Horse." Chemical News and Journal of Industrial Science, 23 (April 28, 1871): 199-200.]

1857 Aug / Stone in horses stomach of layers / Zoologist 16-421. [II; 2080. Chamberlain, Walter. "Stone in a Horse's Stomach." Zoologist, s. 3 v. 16 (December 1892): 421. No date is given regarding the stone found in Chamberlain's horse, (simply a similar phenomenon to that observed in 1857).]

1857 Aug 13 / Earth ball or Intestinal Calculus from a horse / See Chem News, 23/199. Five inches in diameter—and weighed over 2 pounds. Analysis in Jour Chem Soc 24/425. / or alternate layer[s] of mineral matter, and of mineral matter intrmingled with substance of organic origin. [II; 2081.1, 2081.2. Stark, James F. "Analyses of an Earthball and Intestinal Calculus from the Horse." Chemical News and Journal of Industrial Science, 23 (April 28, 1871): 199-200. Stark, James F. "Analyses of an Earthball and Intestinal Calculus from the Horse." Journal of the Chemical Society, 24 (1871): 425.]

1857 Aug 31 / [LT], 8-c / Locusts / Ireland // Sept. 1-7-d / London // 2-7-d / London. [II; 2082. "A Strange Visitor." London Times, August 31, 1857, p. 8 c. 3. "A Live Locust in London." London Times, September 1, 1857, p. 7 c. 4. "Locusts in England." London Times, September 2, 1857 p. 7 c. 6.]

1857 Sept. 6 / Locusts, single ones—various parts of England / N.Q. 2-4-397. [II; 2083. "Locusts in England." Notes and Queries, s. 2 v. 4 (November 14, 1857): 397-398.]

1857 Sept 7 / Total eclipse of sun / Peru / C.R. 47-658. [II; 2084. "Rapport sur l'éclipse totale de soleil observée le 7 septembre à Payta...." Comptes Rendus, 47 (1858): 658-660.]

1857 Sept 12 / 9Ch) / Wandsbeck / a Vulcan by Ohrt / Observatory 3/137 / C-29+. [II; 2085. Ledger, Edmund. "Observations or supposed observations of the Transits of Intra-Mercurial planets or other Bodies across the Sun's Disk." Observatory, 3 (1879-80): 135-8, at 136. "Vermischte Nachrichten." Astronomische Nachrichten, 53 (1860): 333-334.]

1857 Sept. 29 / Met—Highfield House—by Lowe—listed by him as "large and curious". / Rec. Sci 1/138. [II; 2086. Greg, 94. Lowe, 135, 138., (Figure 26).]

1857 Sept ? / ? [LT] 31-10-f / July, Aug or Sept / Vesuvius / and Oct 10-8-d. [II; 2087. "Eruption of Mount Vesuvius." London Times, July 31, 1857, p. 11 c. 4. "Italy." London Times, October 10, 1857, p. 8 c. 3-4.]

1857 Oct. 1 / Rain of stones / Ormes (Yonne), France . La Sci Pour Tous 2-402, col 2-x. [II; 2088."Bolides, Étoiles Filantes, Aérolithes." La Science Pour Tous, 2 (no. 51; November 26, 1857): 401-403.]

1857 Oct. 1 / Orme / (F) / L'Yonne / stonefall . C.R. 45/687 / BA 60-94 / 4:30 p.m. Bet. 4 and 5 p.m. [II; 2089. Fletcher, 102. This is the Les Ormes meteorite. Greg, 94. "M. Séguier met sous les yeux de l'Académie un fragment d'un aerolithe...." Comptes Rendus, 45 (1857): 687.]

1857 Oct 5 / First shock / St Louis / See Oct 8. [II; 2090. See: 1857 Oct 8, (II; 2092).]

1857 Oct 6 / [LT], 7-c / 7-10-c / 26-8-d / Floods / Italy. [II; 2091. "Italy." London Times, October 6, 1857, p. 7 c. 3-4. "Italy." London Times, October 7, 1857, p. 10 c. 3. "Italy." London Times, October 26, 1857, p. 8 c. 4.]

1857 Oct 8 / q-met / St Louis / New Lands, p. 109. [II; 2092. The note copies information from pages  108 and 109 of New Lands. Ponton, Mungo. Earthquakes and Volcanoes. London: T. Nelson, 1868, 80. Revised ed. London: T. Nelson, 1872, 73. Revised ed. London: T. Nelson, 1885, 118. Ponton gives the date as October 9, 1857, (not "the 8th of October," as noted by Fort and written in New Lands). "The Earthquake at St. Louis." New York Times, October 12, 1857, p. 5 c. 4. "The northern sky was clear, but from the southward a heavy mist was swiftly advancing, and in a moment nearly obscured the street lamps." One man running into the street "found a dense fog rolling from the southward, and shortly enveloping everything."]

1857 Oct 8 / Centralia, Ill. / q. / BA '11. [II; 2093. Milne, 713.]

1857 Oct 10 / [LT], 8-d / Vesuvius. [II; 2094. "Italy." London Times, October 10, 1857, p. 8 c. 3-4.]

1857 Oct. 10 / (Hun) / (F) / Ahaba, Karlsburg, Transylvania / Metite / BA 60. [II; 2095. Fletcher, 102. This is the Ohaba meteorite. Fletcher gives the date of the fall as October 11, 1857. Greg, 94.]

1857 Oct. 20 / Vesuvius violent / La Sci Pour Tous 2-408. [II; 2096. "Éruption du Vésuve." La Science Pour Tous, 2 (no. 51; November 26, 1857): 408.]

1857 Oct 21 / Fishes / Meeting this date of Boston Soc of Nat Hist, letter from Prof. Hubbard, of Dartmouth College, read  upon fall of fishes in a town in Vermont. / Proc. of B.S. Nat H. 6-283 / N.M. [II; 2097. Öctober 21, 1857." Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, 6 (1856-1859): 283-286, at 283. "Dr. A.A. Gould read a letter from Prof. Hubbard of Dartmouth College, giving an account of a fish which was seen to fall to the earth, during a sudden squall of wind and rain, in a town in Vermont. Dr. Gould thought the fact interesting, as corroborating several instances of the same kind which had previously been recorded, some of which had come to his own knowledge."]

1857 Oct 29 / Précigné (Sarthe) / 6 p.m. / magnificent meteor / Cosmos 11-506. [II; 2098. "Nouvelles de la Semaine." Cosmos 11 (November 6, 1857): 505-511, at 506.]

1857 Nov 11 / Michigan / met / BA 67-417. [II; 2099. Glaisher, James, and, Robert Philips Greg, Edward William Brayley, Alexander Stewart Herschel, Charles Brooke. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1866-67." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1867, 288-430, at 417.]

1857 [Nov. 11] / Ext death / fly sting / [LT], Nov. 11-5-b. [A; 389. "Dr. Livingstone's Discoveries." London Times, November 21, 1857, p. 12 c. 2-4. Livingstone's party suffered from the "sting" of the tsetse fly.]

[1857 Nov 15 (or before) /] 1857 Dec. 28 / Ac to "Carribber" (Sir George Duncan Gibb) "Odd Showers", p. 16—the account in Montreal Weekly Gazette is from the Leroy (N.Y.), near Rochester, Gazette—that "during the heavy rain of Sunday last" fell the live lizards, some 4 inches in length. [II; 2132. Gibb, George Duncan. Odd Showers. London: Kerby, 1870, 16-18. "Shower of Lizards." Montreal Gazette, December 26, 1857, p. 3 c. 5.]

[1857 Nov 15 (or before) /] 1857 Dec 27 / D-90 / lizards of Montreal / Wm. Andrews, Book of Oddities, p. 32. Says that some specimens of frogs said fallen from sky preserved in the Museum of Nat Hist, Montreal. These were Gibbs. / July, ab 1841. [II; 2133. The note copies information from page 90 of The Book of the Damned. Wallace, R. Hedger. "A Shower of Frogs." Notes and Queries, s. 8 v. 6 (August 11, 1894): 104-105. The fall of lizards often reported as having taken place in Montreal, on this date, is publication date of an article in the Montreal Weekly Gazette; and, the shower of Lizards was said to have occurred at Le Roy, New York. Andrews, William. The Book of Oddities. London: Simpkin, Marshall, 1882, 32-33. "Shower of Lizards." Montreal Gazette, December 26, 1857, p. 3 c. 5. "Shower of Lizards." Lewistown Gazette, November 19, 1857, p. 2 c. 2. "The Le Roy (N.Y.) Gazette says that during the heavy rain on Sunday night last, live lizards some of them measuring four inches in length, came from the clouds like manna, though neither as plenty nor half as welcome. They were found crawling on the sidewalks and in the streets like fugitive infantile alligators, in places far removed from localities where they inhabit." The text of the article in the Lewiston Gazette is identical with that in the Montreal Gazette.]

1857 Nov 15 / Beaune / Meteor and globe lightning enter a room. / La Sci Pour Tous 1857/403. [II; 2100. "Bolides, Étoiles Filantes, Aérolithes." La Science Pour Tous, 2 (no. 51; November 26, 1857): 401-403. A pulsating luminous meteor with a large train, (with a disagreeable odour), disappeared from the night sky; then, something luminous appeared inside of a house. "Au même instant, une femme du faubourg Saint-Jean a vu entrer dans sa chambre un globe de feu qui, après avoir étient la lampe au passage, a circule de long des parois, et s'est échappe par la porte en tr'ouverte. Il est probable que ce météore était un bolide dû à une cause electrique."]

1857 Nov. 16 / (Ch) / (D-68) / Hair substance / Charleston, S.C. / or globe lightning. BA 67-417. * [II; 2101. The note copies information from page 68 of The Book of the Damned. "Catalogue of the Meteoric Collection of Charles Upham Shepard...." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 31 (1861): 456-459, at 459. Glaisher, James, and, Robert Philips Greg, Edward William Brayley, Alexander Stewart Herschel, Charles Brooke. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1866-67." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1867, 288-430, at 417.]

1857 Nov 17 / 5 p.m. / At Paris, by the meteorological, Dr. Phipson, large drops of warm water from a cloudless sky / C.R. 45-906. [II; 2102. Phipson, Thomas Lamb. "Sur une pluie sans nuages observée à Paris." Comptes Rendus, 45 (1857): 906-907.]

1857 Nov 17 / 5 p.m. / Rain without clouds / Paris / La Sci Pour Tous 3-15. Ab sunset. [II; 2103. "Pluie sans nuages observée à Paris." La Science Pour Tous, 3 (no. 2; December 17, 1857): 15.]

1857 Nov. 19 / [LT], 10-a / Wtch / Stockport. [A; 390. "Witchcraft in Stockport." London Times, November 19, 1857, p. 10 c. 1. Two bottles were found during road work used as witchcraft spells by the victims of fortune-tellers.]

1857 Nov 21 / (Candy) / Living Age of, copying from the Napa Republican / That at Clear Lake in the same county (look up Napa) had fallen a "shower of sugar candy" covering a large area. "It covered everything—leaves of trees, rocks and the earth's surface alike. Part of it was of the consistency of syrup and part was crystallized." The Editor writes that a boxful had been sent to him. He said that it tasted like unflavored candy and he invites persons interested to call upon him and see the substance. "The specimens before us are generally irregularly crystallized, rounded at one end and irregular in form at the other, as if broken off from some surface to which they adhered. They are from one fourth to five eighths of an inch in length, some pure white and others of a delicate pink hue. Their general appearance is that of very small stalagmites such as we have often seen in caves. A similar shower occurred at Salt Lake some years since." (See July 3, 1881. / See ab. June 15, 1893.) See July, 1922. [II; 2104.1 to 2104.5. "A Shower of Manna." Living Age, 55 (s. 2, v. 19; 1857): 491. (Napa Republican, 1857.) See: 1881 July 3, (V; 550); (ab. June 15, 1893); and, (1922 July).]

1857 Nov. 24 / Spital, Windisch-Garsten, Austria / q. I / [Light] / BA '11. [II; 2105. Milne, 714.]

1857 Nov. 26 / Konigsberg / det met and "stonefall?" / BA 67-417. [II; 2106. Glaisher, James, and, Robert Philips Greg, Edward William Brayley, Alexander Stewart Herschel, Charles Brooke. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1866-67." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1867, 288-430, at 417.]

1857 Nov. 29 / 12:30 p.m. / 12:45 / Bayonne, France / qs and rumbles / L.T., Dec 6-8-a. [II; 2107. (London Sunday Times, December 6, 1857, p. 8 c. 1.)]

1857 Nov. 30 // Jabez Brown / [typescript] / Report of the British Association, 1858:

Prof. Baden-Powell

"The subjoined extraordinary statement is copied from the Times, of Dec. 4. It bears the appearance of a simple, straightforward account of fact, the nature of which seem difficult to conjecture. It is here inserted simply in the hope of attracting attention, and that in time some light may be thrown upon it by other observations: 'Last night (Nov. 30), at 15 minutes to 9, it being very dark, I was ascending one of the steep hills in this neighborhood, when suddenly I was surrounded by a bright and powerful light, which passed me a little quicker than the ordinary pace of man's walking, leaving it dark as before. This day I have been informed that the light was seen by the sailors in the harbor, coming from the sea and passing up the valley like a low cloud.'—Jabez Brown."

[II; 2108. A typescript note. Powell, Baden. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1857-58." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1858, Reports on the State of Science, 137-157, at 155-156. Brown, Jabez. "To the Editor of the Times." London Times, December 4, 1858, p. 7 c. 4.]

1857 Dec. 16 / (It) / Salerno / great q / [BA] '11. [II; 2109. Milne, 714.]

1857 Dec 16 / See Dec 17, 1852. / Cal. and Eng. [II; 2110. See: 1852 Dec 17, (II: 1677 & 1678).]

1857 Dec 16-17 / Simul / See Nov 19, 1861. / also Dec 8, 1861. [II; 2111. Pabst writes: "Perhaps referring to simultaneous occurrences in England and Italy." (See: 1861 Dec 8; not certain of any q's.)]

1857 Dec 16 / On morning of 17th (ab 5 a.m.), a remarkable aurora in Belgium. / N.Q. 2-5-28. [II; 2112. "Earthquakes and Meteors." Notes and Queries, s. 2 v. 5 (January 9, 1858): 28-29. "The Meteor." London Times, December 22. 1857, p. 9 c. 6.]

1857 Dec 16 / Q of Naples felt near Norwich, England. / N and Q 2-5-437. [II; 2113. "Neapolitan Earthquake, Dec. 16, 1857." Notes and Queries, s. 2 v. 5 (May 29, 1858): 437.]

1857 Dec 16 / At 7:50 p.m., great met. On 17th, at 4 a.m. sky in n.w. fiery red as if lighted by a conflagration at Wokingham, Berks. / Times—18th. Other say ab. 7:45 p.m. [II; 2114. "Extraordinary Meteor." London Times, December 18, 1857, p. 10 c. 2.]

1857 Dec 16 / 10:15 p.m. / q. at Naples / Times 26-7-4. [II; 2115. "The Earthquake at Naples." London Times, December 26, 1857, p. 7 c. 3-4.]

1857 Dec 16—Jan 4 / 84 shocks in Naples / Timbs '58-273. [II; 2116. "Great Earthquake at Naples." Timbs' Year-Book of Facts in Science and Art, 1858, 271-273, at 273.]

1857 Dec. 16 / q. / Naples / Timbs '58-271 / Had been a slight shock on 7th which threw down the cone of Vesuvius. / 16th at 10:10 p.m. [II; 2117. "Great Earthquake at Naples." Timbs' Year-Book of Facts in Science and Art, 1858, 271-273.]

1857 Dec 16 / q in Naples / 2 hours earlier, met in Eng / N and Q 2/9/28, 437 / q felt in E. [II; 2118. "Earthquakes and Meteors." Notes and Queries, s. 2 v. 5 (January 9, 1858): 28-29. "Neapolitan Earthquake, Dec. 16, 1857." Notes and Queries, s. 2 v. 5 (May 29, 1858): 437.]

1857 Dec 16 / It / q and phe / See 1805. [II; 2119. (Galli, Ignazio. "Raccolta e classificazione di fenomeni luminosi osservati nei terremoti." Bollettino della Società Sismologica Italiana, 14 (1910): 221-448, at 364.) See: 1805 July 26, (I; 146).]

1857 Dec 16 / Great met near London ab 7:45 p.m. Cor (19th) says saw lightning at intervals 1/2 hour after. Other letters. [II; 2120. "Extraordinary Meteor." London Times, December 19, 1857, p. 10 c. 2. "The Meteor." London Times, December 21, 1857, p. 10 c. 3.]

1857 Dec 16 / q—distant / See Aug 26, 27, 1839. [II; 2121. See: 1839 Aug 26, 27).]

1857 Dec 16 / See Aug 21, 1871. / Ireland and W. Indies. [II; 2122. See: (1871 Aug 21).]

1857 Dec 16 / Met, France, and Etna / July 19, 1899. [II; 2123. See: 1899 July 19).]

1857 Dec. 16 / q and distant met / Sept 8, 9, 1891 / July 8, 1892. [II; 2124. See: (1892 July 8).]

1857 Dec 16 / Vesuvius and meteor in England / Dec 8, 1861. [II; 2125. See: (1861 Dec 8).]

1857 Dec 16 / Great q, Greece / met, Germany / Dec 28, 1869. [II; 2126. See: (1869 Dec 28).]]

1857 Dec 16 / (Algeria) / Met and Vesuvius / (?) / Sept 15, 1878. [II; 2127. See: (1878 Sept. 15).]

1857 Dec 17 / Aurora. Deep blood-red flames in the sky of Belgium, ab. 5 a.m. Consternation. At Malines, fire engines called out. / Times, 22nd. [II; 2128. "The Meteor." London Times, December 22, 1857, p. 9 c. 6.]

1857 Dec 17 / Germany / Westphalia, etc. / met-det / BA 60. [II; 2129. Greg, 94.]

[1857 Dec 17. Wrong date. See: 1854 Dec 17, (A; 391).]

1857 Dec. 19 / 9:03 a.m. / Charleston / q and rumbling / Bull. Seis A 4-117. [II; 2130. Taber, Stephen. "Seismic Activity in the Atlantic Coastal Plain near Charleston, South Carolina." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 4 (1914): 108-160, at 117. Gibbs, Lewis Reeve. "Notice of the Phenomena attending the Shock of the Earthquake of Dec. 19, 1857." Proceedings of the Elliott Society of Natural History..., 1 (1853-1858): 288-289.]

1857 Dec. 27 / (F) / 2:25 a m. / Metite near Bassein, in Pegu, India / A. J. Sci 2/32/142. Great detonation / seen 200 miles away. [II; 2131. Fletcher, 102. This is the Pegu meteorite. Greg, 94. "Calcutta Meteorites." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 32 (1861): 141-143, at 142.]

[1857 Dec 27. Wrong date. See: 1857 Nov 15 (or before), (II; 2133).]

[1857 Dec 28. Wrong date. See: 1857 Nov 15 (or before), (II; 2132).]

1857 Dec 28 and 29 / Shocks in Sala and Potenza, Italy. Potenza was in ruins from shocks of 16th. / Timbs 1858-273. [II; 2134. "Great Earthquake at Naples." Timbs' Year-Book of Facts in Science and Art, 1858, 271-273, at 273.]

1857 Dec 28-30 / (It) / q and phe / See 1805. [II; 2135. (Galli, Ignazio. "Raccolta e classificazione di fenomeni luminosi osservati nei terremoti." Bollettino della Società Sismologica Italiana, 14 (1910): 221-448, at 364.) See: 1805 July 26, (I; 146).]

1858:

1858 // Artific iron / Mass / 152. [II; 2136.]

1858 / Klausenberg, Transylvania / fishes / Cosmos 3/5/79. [II; 2137. "Pluie de poissons." Cosmos, s. 3 v. 5 (July 17, 1869): 79. "En 1858, pendant une nuit des plus orageuses, des milliers de poissons ayant jusqu'à 0m, 1 de long, tombèrent dans les rues de Klausenbourg, en Transylvanie."]

1858 / Disap of man, and his money belt found in a ring of earth. / See Aug. 11, 1886. / near Helena, Sandusky Co., Ohio. [A; 392. See: (1886 Aug. 11).]

1858 / Sleeper Susan C. Godsey, near Hickman, Ky. / See July 14, 1869. [A; 393. See: 1869 July 14, (A; 547).]

1858 Jan 7 / [LT], 8-c, etc. / Great q / Naples. [II; 2138. "Naples." London Times, January 7, 1858, p. 8 c. 3. "The Earthquake at Naples." London Times, January 14, p. 6 c. 5.]

1858 Jan 11 and 12 / Sunspots noted in La Sci Pour Tous 3-103. [II; 2139. "Taches du Soleil." La Science Pour Tous, 3 (no. 13; March 4, 1858): 103.]

1858 Jan 20 / Olmütz / Large met / BA 69-282. [II; 2140. Glaisher, James, and, Robert Philips Greg, Edward William Brayley, Alexander Stewart Herschel, Charles Brooke. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1868-69." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1869, 216-308, at 282.]

[1858 Jan 20 /] 1850 Jan 20 / Larvae / Warsaw / D-93. [II; 1359. The note copies information from page 93 of The Book of the Damned. "Fallen from the Clouds." All the Year Round, 8 (November 22, 1862): 250-256, at 253. "On so-called Showers of Insects." Naturalist: A Popular Monthly. 8  (1858): 235-236. Waga, Blatta. "Sur la prétendue pluie d'Insectes." Revue et Magazin de Zoologie, s. 2 v. 10 (June 1858): 261-269.]

1858 Jan 23 / (It) / Caggiano (Salerno) / flash and q / See 1805. / See March 3. [II; 2141. (Galli, Ignazio. "Raccolta e classificazione di fenomeni luminosi osservati nei terremoti." Bollettino della Società Sismologica Italiana, 14 (1910): 221-448.) See: 1805 July 26, (I; 146), and, 1858 March 3, (II; 2150).]

1858 Jan. 27 / 3:45 p.m. / Switzerland / det met / BA 60-106. [II; 2142. Greg, 106.]

1858 Feb 3 / (dust) / Alexandria / Dense clouds at noon obscuring the sun and the fall of a fine powder. An account of a ship that sailed 40 or 50 miles and was still in these conditions. Attrib to sand from Sahara. / Trans. Bombay Geog. Soc 14/A p.A/11. [II; 2143.1, 2143.2. "Extraordinary appearance at Sea." Transactions of the Bombay Geographical Society, 14 (1857-1858): Appendix A, 11.]

1858 Feb. 11 / First phe at Lourdes / story in Religio Ph. J, Nov. 30, 1872 / YRA. ++ [A; 394. "La Dame de Massabelle." Religio-Philosophical Journal, 13 (no. 11; November 30, 1872): 1. "YRA" is the shelfmark for this journal at the New York Public Library.]

1858 Feb 16-17 / Switzerland? / brownish substance / Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges., Zuer., 13/313 / (Fassig). [II; 2144. Fassig, Oliver Lanard, ed. Bibliography of Meteorology. Part II: Moisture. Washington: Signal Office, 1889, 384. Cramer, Carl Eduard. "Auszüge aus den Sitzungs-Protokollen." Vierteljahrsschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zurich, 13 (1868): 308-316, at 313. "Ueber die in der Nacht vom 16. auf den 17. Februar 1858 in unsern Centralalpen gefallene röthlich-braune Substanz.— Eine nochmalige mikroskopische Untersuchung dieser Substanz, die früher von Herrn Prof. Heer mit einem Ausbruch des Vesuv in Beziehung gebracht worden, hat gezeigt, dass auch hier dieselben Melosiren oder Gallionellen, Eunotien, Discopleen und Pinnularien wie im Bündnerstaub vorkommen. Es ist daher auch diese Substanz als dem Ehrenberg'schen Passatstaub verwandt zu bezeichnen." Oswald Heer was a professor of botany at the University of Zurich.]

1858 Feb 19 / [LT], 10-d / Aurora / Isle of Man. [II; 2145. "To the Editor of Times." London Times, February 19, 1858, p. 10 c. 4.]

1858 Feb 21 / Greece // 24—Martinique // 27—Moluccas /// q's / BA '11. [II; 2146. Milne, 714.]

1858 Feb. 21 / Rain of stones on a ship off coast of Florida / La Sci Pour Tous 3/160. [II; 2147. "Martime Intelligence." New York Herald, March 12, 1858, p. 8 c. 5. "Feb 21, lat 41 25, lon 54 35, during a heavy squall, very dark, ship under close reefed sails, was struck by a meteor—a thunderbolt, no lightning, but a tremendous report, and our main mast was enveloped apparently in a shower of rockets, many of the men were benumbed from the effects. Found the sheet lead on man mast coat ripped off completely; around the combings on deck the copper tacks were brightened, but not started." The Caroline Tucker (ship) was  about 1600 kilometres east of New York City, (not off the coast of Florida). "Phenomene en Mer." La Science Pour Tous, 3 (no. 20; April 22, 1858): 160.]

1858 Feb. 23 / 11:20 p.m. / Beeston Observatory / Magnificent meteor. Streams of auroral lights immediately before its starting point. / BA 59-82. [II; 2148. Powell, Baden. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1858-59." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1859, Reports on the State of Science, 81-95, at 82-83.]

1858 Feb 26 / It Sounds / Saponara / Sounds like gunfire / See 1816. [II; 2149. Cancani, Adolfo. "Rombi sismici." Bollettino della Società Sismologica Italiana, 7 (1901-1902): 23-47, at 37. See: 1816, (I; 547).]

1858 March 3 / See Jan 23. [II; 2150. See: 1858 Jan 23, (II; 2141).]

1858 March 5 / Hurricane / Madeira / N.Y. Herald, Ap 1-4-1. [II; 2151. "The News." New York Herald, April 1, 1858, p. 4 c. 1.]

1858 March 9 / q / Algeria / BA 11 / 1st I list / many others before Algeria series begins back Oran before 1820? [II; 2152. Milne, 714.]

1858 March 12-19 / Great sunspot noted in La Sci Pour Tous 3-142. [II; 2153. Chacornac. "Note sur le groupe de taches solaires du 15 mars 1858." Comptes Rendus, 46 (1858): 592-594. "Astronomie.—Grande Tache du Soleil Vue devant l'Éclipse." La Science Pour Tous, 3 (no. 17; April 1, 1858): 142.]

1858 March 15 / Eclipse of sun / Leisure Hour 7-157, 277. [II; 2154. "The Annular Eclipse of the Sun, March 15, 1858." Leisure Hour, 7 (1858): 157-160. "The Great Solar Eclipse in our Parish." Leisure Hour, 7 (1858): 277-278.]

1858 March 15. Annular eclipse of sun and appearance of tremendous sunspot / Ast. Reg 8/10. [II; 2155. (Astro. Reg., 8-10). reference wrong.]

1858 March 17 / [LT[, 12-f / Aurora. [II; 2156. "The Aurora Borealis." London Times, March 17, 1858, p. 12 c. 6.]

1858 March 25 / Apparition / Etades / ab. March, 1908. [A; 395. (The 16th of the Marian apparitions at Lourdes was on March 25, 1858.)]

1858 Ap. 2 / Shock / Plymouth and Liskeard / See May 3 '09. [II; 2158. Parfitt, Edward. "On Earthquakes in Devonshire." Report and Transactions of the Devonshire Association, 16 (1884): 641-661, at 652. See: 1809 May 3, (I; 265).]

1858 Ap 9 - May 2 / Ap 9—Japan / 13—Austria / 19—Asia Minor / 23—Japan / 24—Cent. Amer / 30—Austria // Early in May—Nicaragua / May 2—Mexico // BA '11 / Sim q's—Feb 18, 1889. [II; 2159. Milne, 714.]

1858 Ap. 9 and 10 / Cyclone / Andaman Sea / Jour Asiatic Soc Bengal 27/323. [II; 2160. Liebig, G. von. "Account of a Cyclone in the Andaman Sea, on the 9th and 10th April, 1858." Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 27 (1858): 323-337.]

1858 Ap. 9 / Nottingham / Many small meteors. Aurora at the time. / B.A. '58. [II; 2161. Powell, Baden. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1857-58." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1858, Reports on the State of Science, 137-157, at 148-149.]

1858 Ap. 11-12 / (Fr) / q / Grenoble / C.R. 46/764. [II; 2162. "M. Vicat écrit de Grenoble, relativement à une secousse de tremblement...." Comptes Rendus, 46 (1858): 764.]

1858 Ap. 15 / [LT], 11-f / Aurora. [II; 2163. Lowe, Edward Joseph. "Aurora Borealis." London Times, April 15, 1858, p. 11 c. 6.]

1858 Ap. 24 / 8:10 p.m. / Met 1/3 size moon from Canis Majoris / Hobart Town / BA 67-290. [II; 2164. Glaisher, James, and, Robert Philips Greg, Edward William Brayley, Alexander Stewart Herschel, Charles Brooke. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1866-67." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1867, 288-430, at 290-291. (Abbott, Francis. Results of twenty-five years' meteorological observations for Hobart Town. Hobart, Australia: Mercury. 1866, 16. @ Univ of Toronto.)]

1858 May 4 / Quainton, 6 miles N.W. of Aylesbury. "Ignited globe" fell in a farm yard. Exploded with a loud report. Fragments flew in different directions. One hit a cow. / BA 58/152. [II; 2165. Greg, 95. Powell, Baden. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1857-58." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1858, Reports on the State of Science, 137-157, at 152-153.]

1858 May 10 / Shock / Richmond, Canada / 17th, another and sound like distant thunder / See Nov 9, 1810. [II; 2166. Brigham, William T. "Volcanic Manifestations in New England." Memoirs Read Before the Boston Society of Natural History, 2 (1871/1878): 1-28, at 20. See: 1810 Nov 9, (I; 308).]

1858 May 15 / Op Mars / (A l). [II; 2167.]

1858 May 19 / Hun / near Oravitza, Hungary / Metite / BA 60. [II; 2168. Greg, 95.]

1858 May 19 / Kakowa, Krasso-Szoreny, Hungary / (F). [II; 2169. Fletcher, 102. This is the Kakowa meteorite. Greg, 95.]

1858 May 19 / Floods / Highwater mark, St Louis / not exceeded until June 7, 1903 / NY Trib, 8th. [II; 2170. "Highest Since 1858." New York Tribune, June 8, 1903, p. 1 c. 5.]

1858 May 21 / Vesuvius / A. Reg. [II; 2171. "Chronicle." Annual Register, 100 (1858): pt. 2, 1-201, at 92-94, cv. "Eruption of Mount Vesuvius."]

1858 May 24 / 2 qs / 25, whirlwind on land. Then a whirlwind on the sea. Then Vesuvius. Naples—C.R. 46-1098. [II; 2172. "M. Ch. Sainte-Claire Deville communique l'extrait suivant d'une Lettre écrit de Naples...." Comptes Rendus, 46 (1858): 1098.]

[1858 May 24 /] 1857 May 24 / Vesuvius / At Naples this day a whirlwind and a trombe marine. / C.R., 46-1098. [II; 2057. "M. Ch. Sainte-Claire Deville communique l'extrait suivant d'une Lettre écrit de Naples...." Comptes Rendus, 46 (1858): 1098.]

[1858 May 24 /] 1858 May 27 / At Naples a Whirlwind on land—one at sea, and eruption of Vesuvius. / La Sci Pour Tous 3-231. [II; 2174. "Phénomènes à Naples." La Science Pour Tous, 3 (no. 29; June 24, 1858): 231.]

1858 May 24 / France and Germany / q. / BA '11. [II; 2173. Milne, 714.]

1858 / last of May // (D-93) . larvae of beetles / near Mortagne [aux Herbiers], France / may be same as crickets. **  [II; 2175. The note copies information from page 93 of The Book of the Damned. "M.H. Lucas communique la note suivante relative à une espèce d'Orthoptères." Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, s. 3 v. 6 ("Bulletin Trimestriel," no. 2; April, May June, 1858): xcvi.  The insects were identified as Gryllus domesticus, or crickets, which are not beetles.]

1858 May 27—June 5 / Vesuvius violent / Cardiff Times, June 12. At least to June 5 / L. Times, 14th. [II; 2176. "The Eruption of Mount Vesuvius." London Times, June 14, 1858, p. 6 c. 6. (Cardiff Times, June of 1858; not @ BNA.)]

1858 May 29—etc. / at least to June 1st // Vesuvius / reflections from the glare like an aurora / Morn Post, June 10. [II; 2177. "The Eruption of Vesuvius." London Morning Post, June 10, 1858, p. 3 c. 4.]

1858 / last of May // At Mortagne / aux Herbiers / Thick rain of beetles (Gryllus domesticus) fell in cold wind and seemed inanimate. An. Soc Ent. 1858/XCVI. [II; 2178. "M.H. Lucas communique la note suivante relative à une espèce d'Orthoptères." Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, s. 3 v. 6 ("Bulletin Trimestriel," no. 2; April, May June, 1858): xcvi.]

1858 June / Insects like crickets—half-frozen / La Sci Pour Tous, June 17, 1858. / 223 / La Vendée. [II; 2179. "Une Pluie d'Insectes." La Science Pour Tous, 3 (no. 28; June 17, 1858): 223.]

1858 June 2 / Donati's comet discovered in Leo / Good in Am Sci Disc. [II; 2180. "Donati's Comet." Annual of Scientific Discovery, 1859, 383-388.]

1858 June 5 / At Boulougne-sur-Mer. Also at Folkstone and other places on English Channel. Bright sunshine—water receded—in 5 minutes came back. (8 a.m.) 8 feet higher than normal, with great wind and sky densely obscured and then again bright sunshine. Cardiff Times, 12th. [II; 2181. (Cardiff Times, June 12, 1858; not at BNA.) "Singular Phenomenon." Lake's Falmouth Packet and Cornwall Advertiser, June 12, 1858, p. 4 c. 5. "A letter from Boulogne-sur-Mer says:—'An extraordinary phenomenon, considered volcanic, occurred here this (Saturday) morning, eight o’clock. The tide, which was receding, suddenly fell, and left the harbour dry, but returned five minutes with great force eight feet higher, accompanied with a perfect tornado of wind, and the sky densely obscured. The whole did not last more than ten minutes, but what was most strange was that there existed the brightest sunshine immediately before and after.—P.S. The passengers of the Folkstone boat, who have just come (half-past five p.m.), report that a similar occurrence took place there and at other places on the English coast at the same time as here.'”]

1858 June 5 / 5:30 a.m. / Th. storm violent, S of England. At Ramsgate, a "tidal wave". Symons Met Mag 3-81. [II; 2182. "Thunderstorms and Tidal Disturbances." Symons's Meteorological Magazine, 3 (July 1868): 81-83, at 81. "At Ramsgate it was very severe, and about 9.15 a.m. the "water in Pegwell Bay, the tide being then about two hours past flood, suddenly receded about 200 yards, and returned to its former position within the space of about 20 minutes. The shrimpers, many of them elderly men, and others in the neighbourhood, never before experienced such a surprising phenomenon."]

1858 June 6 / Dry fog at Munster / ac to M. [Eduard] Heis / no odor / Night of seventh, dry fog and meteor / Cosmos 15/37. [II; 2183. "Faits de science." Cosmos, 15 (July 8, 1859): 36-38, at 37.]

1858 June 7 / d. fog and met / Dry fog and a meteor at Munster / Cosmos 15/37. [II; 2184. "Faits de science." Cosmos, 15 (July 8, 1859): 36-38, at 37.]

1858 June 8 / Rhymney, Wales / violent th storm and hail size of walnuts / Cardiff Times, 12th. [II; 2185.  (Cardiff Times, June 12, 1858; not at BNA.)]

1858 June 10 / "Pollen" / Scotland / Edin N—, N.S., 10.116. [II; 2186. Davy, John. "Notice of a Shower of 'a Sulphurous Substance' (so-called), which fell in Inverness-shire in June 1858." Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal, n.s., 10 (1859): 116-118.]

1858 June (10-?) / Inverness-shire / "sulphurous substance" / Proc Roy Soc Edin 4/157. [II; 2187. Davy, John. "Notice of a Shower of a Sulphurous Substance (so-called), which fell in Inverness-shire in June 1858." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 4 (1852-1853): 157-160. "Curious Phenomenon." Inverness Courier, June 24, 1858, p. 5 c. 4.]

1858 June 11 / Ice / at Plinlimmon (Cardigan/ Clbrst and 5 blocks of ice / one 2 yards along by 3 wide. 4 others a yard square each / Field, June 26, p. 531. [II; 2188. (Field, June 26, 1858, p. 531).]

1858 June 12 / Birm Daily Post, June 9, 1868, cor writes that from a platform 2 and a half feet above the ground he had in 1858 gathered many of the stones and also many little frogs "all shrivelled up, as if by heat". Said still had dried body of one of the little frogs. Said the stones were lighter than Rowley rag and looked porous. [II; 2189.1, 2189.2. "Shower of Meteoric Stones." Birmingham Daily Post, June 9, 1868, p. 4 c. 6.]

1858 June / Birmingham / pebbles / See Aug 13, 1860. [II; 2190. See: 1860 Aug 13, (III; 31).]

1858 June 12 / Birm. D. Post, 14th—Dr Ingleby writes, "Many hundreds of thousands must have fallen, some of the streets being strewn with them. They are like fragments of lava, of very low specific gravity." [II; 2191. Ingleby, C. Mansfield. "The Aerolites." Birmingham Daily Post, June 14, 1858, p. 1. c. 6.]

1858 June 12 / In Birm Journal (a weekly), 19th shower of small stones, mostly black, water-worn bits of flint, but colored pebbles, too. Fell all over the city. From canvas awnings many pounds of them gathered. [II; 2192. "Thunderstorm in Birmingham." Birmingham Journal, June 19, 1858, p. 7 c. 5-6. "During these three hours the rain poured down in torents, and the thunder and lightning lasted nearly the whole time. It was accompanied by a phenomenon as rare as it is physically extraordinary. At the height of the storm showers of small stones fell with the rain. These were mostly black water-worn bits of flint but coloured pebbles were to be found amongst them. In structure they were not of the usual aerolite character, but similar in appearance to those found on a shingly coast at low tide. They seem to have fallen over the whole town. Upon the canvas awnings over the platforms fronting Christ Church and St. Peter's many pounds weight of these were gathered, and some greenhouses in the suburbs were damaged. After the storm thousands of them were visible on the pavement in New Street[,] Bull Street, &c."]

1858 June 12 / Great storm / Liverpool and Ireland / Birm. Daily Post, 15th. [II; 2193. "Accident During Saturday's Storm." Birmingham Daily Post, June 15, 1858, p. 1 c. 4.]

1858 June 12 / In Birm Daily Post, June 6, 1868, a conventional scientist, ridiculing that the stones had fallen from the sky. Says that there were two such reports in the year 1858. He says were bits of pavement. [II; 2194. Williams, W. Mattieu. "The Birmingham Shower of Meteoric Stones." Birmingham Daily Post, June 6, 1868, p. 4 c. 5.]

1858 June 12 / Stratford-upon-Avon / Great th. storm and large hail / 11 a.m. / Birmingham Daily Press, 14th / At Birm., one of the most terrific th. storms remembered. Roads like rivers. [II; 2195. Birmingham Daily Press, June 14, 1858; not at BNA.)]

1858 June 12 / Birm Daily Press, 15th, cor writes that soon after noon on 12th the stones fell--hundreds of thousands. "Nearly every stone is angular, smooth at the edges, dark green and of a hard light substance which easily cuts glass." One of the stones in his possession was "somewhat globular and brightly polished with a neck, altogether like a dark-green pear pip. Evidently crystallized." Cor says that at 10:15 p.m. night before the storm he saw a great meteor dart into the tail of Ursa Major. [II; 2196.1, 2196.2. (Birmingham Daily Press, June 15, 1858; not at BNA.)]

1858 June 12 / "Unequalled" th. storm at Liverpool / Birm Daily Press, 16th. [II; 2197. (Birmingham Daily Press, June 16, 1858; not at BNA.)]

1858 June 12 / At Stratford upon Avon, pieces of ice 2 inches long fell. / B.D. Press, 19th. [II; 2198. (Birmingham Daily Press, June 19, 1858; not at BNA.)]

1858 // Birmingham / Hungary / pebbl[e]s / Aug 10, 1841. [II; 2199. See: 1841 Aug 10, (II; 356).]

1858 // Frogs with the Birmingham stones / Birmingham Daily Post, June 9, 1868. [II; 2200. "Shower of Meteoric Stones." Birmingham Daily Post, June 9, 1868, p. 4 c. 6.]

1858 June 12 / (P) / in th storm / Birmingham / stones like Rowley ragstone / Symons Met 4/184. [II; 2201. Hall, Townshend M. "The Supposed Fall of Meteoric Stones in the 'Black' Country." Symons's Meteorological Magazine, 4 (December 1869): 184.]

1858 // For Birmingham falls of 1868 and 1858, L.T., June 1, 1868. [II; 2202. "Fall of Meteoric Stones." London Times, June 1, 1868, p. 9 c. 1. Plant, Thomas L. "The Thunderstorm.—Shower of Meteoric Stones." Birmingham Daily Post, May 30, 1868, p. 3 c. 2. "There was an extraordinary phenomenon during the deluge of rain. From nine to ten, meteoric stones fell in immense quantities in various parts of the town. The size of these stones varied from about ⅛th of an inch to ⅜ths of an inch in length, and about half those dimensions in thickness. They resembled in shape broken pieces of Rowley ragstone. A similar phenomenon visited Birmingham ten years ago. On the 12th of June, 1858, during a severe thunderstorm, there fell a great quantity of meteoric stones, in every respect like those discharged this morning."]

1858 June 15 / afternoon / Th. storm and electric manifestation greater than remembered ever at Broseley before / B.D. Post, 18th. [II; 2203. "Severe Thunder Storm," and, "Thunder Storm." Birmingham Daily Post, June 18, 1858, p. 4 c. 5. Both Walsall and Broseley experienced this storm, which  was "unsurpassed in the memory of the oldest person" in Walsall, (not at Broseley).]

1858 June 15 / night / At Stourbridge—"A most awful storm of thunder and lightning, worse than any ever seen or heard of in this county before." B.D. Press, 18th. [II; 2004. (Birmingham Daily Press, June 18, 1858; not at BNA.)]

1858 June 16 / Extraordinary th. storm at Birmingham / B. D. Post, 18th / With flashes of lightning, many balls of fire fell from the sky. [II; 2005. "The Thunder-Storm of Wednesday Night." Birmingham Daily Post, June 16, 1858, p. 1 c. 6.]

1858 June 16 / Ashbourne / Storm and "huge pieces of ice". Gardeners' Chronicle, June 26. [II; 2206. "The Storm of the 16th inst...." Gardeners' Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette, 1858 no. 26 (June 26): 510.]

1858 June 16 / At Chatworth, with th storm pieces of ice 6 inches in circumference / Birm Jour, 19th. [II; 2207. "Thunderstorms." Birmingham Journal, June 19, 1858, p. 7 c. 6. "At Chatsworth, pieces of ice, six inches in circumference, fell, smashing all the magnificent conservatories, forcing-houses, &c."]

1858 June 16 / night / Even greater th storm and damage by lightning at Birm / B. D. Press, 18th / but though great elec. storm, not so much rain. [II; 2208. (Birmingham Daily Press, June 18, 1858; not at BNA.)]

1858 June 17 / Villages in the High Peak of Derbyshire flooded by water pouring down the hills. Thought waterspout [h]ad burst. Houses washed away in a few minutes. / Wolverhampton / N. Staffordshire Herald, 26th. [II; 2209. (North Staffordshire Herald (Stoke-on-Trent), June 26, 1858; not at BNA.)]

1858 June 19 / 9 a.m. / One of the severest q's in Mexico / Y. B. 59-271. [II; 2210. "Earthquake in Mexico." Timbs' Year-Book of Facts in Science and Art, 1859, 271.]

1858 June 23 / d fog and met / 23—dry fog / 26—brilliant met / 28—dry fog / Russia / Cosmos 15-88. [II; 2211. "Faits de science." Cosmos, 15 (July 22, 1859): 85-90, at 88.]

1858 July 16 / (Cut) / small toads / France / near Dijon / C. Rend- 47/159 / La Sci Pour Tous, 3/312. La Sci 3/288, 304, 312. ** [II; 2212. "M. Duméril communique l'extrait d'une Lettre que lui a adressée de Dijon...." Comptes Rendus, 47 (1858): 159. "Une Averse de Petits Crapauds." La Science Pour Tous, 3 (no. 36; August 12, 1858): 288. "L'Averse de Crapauds de M. Jobard." La Science Pour Tous, 3 (no. 38; August 26, 1858): 304. "La Défense de M. Jobard sur la Pluie de Crapauds." La Science Pour Tous, 3 (no. 36; September 2, 1858): 312.]

1858 July 16 / Tremendous th. storm at Dukinfield Park. After it, thousands of young toads were found. / Manchester Examiner, 20-3-6 / Numbers very great—children scooping up handfuls and filling their pockets with them. [II; 2213. (Manchester Examiner, July 20, 1858, 3-6); not at BNA.)]

1858 July 16 / In Hall-green and Dunkinfield Park, ac to Manchester Examiner, after a heavy th storm thousands of small toads / L.T., July 21-9-d / in Dunkinfield (Manchester). [II; 2214. "Toadstorm at Dukinfield." London Times, July 21, 1858, p. 9 c. 4. "A very heavy shower of rain took place on Sunday, about 1 o'clock, accompanied by vivid flashes of lightning and loud claps of thunder. The lightning struck a tree near the Dukinfield Recreation-grounds, Cheetham-hill-road, and near the premises where considerable damage was done by lightning some years ago. There was also a very heavy shower of rain in Dukinfield on Friday last, and after it was over thousands of small toads were found in Hall-green and about Dukinfield-park. We understand that a couple of handsful were taken out of one small hole, and children were filling their pockets with them. Many are yet to be seen in Dukinfield-park.—Manchester Examiner." (Manchester Examiner July, 1858; not at BNA.)]

1858 July 16 / evening / Shower of small toads at Dijon. / C.R. 47/159. [II; 2215. "M. Duméril communique l'extrait d'une Lettre que lui a adressée de Dijon...." Comptes Rendus, 47 (1858): 159.]

1858 July 16 / (Cut) / Meteor explode near ship / Channel Islands / Countryside Monthly 2/191. [II; 2216. (Country-Side Monthly, 2-191; not online).]

[1858 July 31 /] 1858 Aug 2 / Near Seaford, a host of sawflies  After a while, hosts of ladybirds. / Entomologist's Weekly Intelligencer 4/149. [II; 2218. Douglas, J.W. "Swarm of Insects." Entomologist's Weekly Intelligencer, 4 (August 7, 1858): 149-150.]

1858 - L Aug. 1 / (3) / Manchester, by Mr. Robt. Wilson / a Vulcan / Astro Reg 9/287. [II; 2217. Denning, William F. "The Total Eclipse in December Next." Astronomical Register, 9 (December 1871): 286-287.]

[1858 Aug 2. Wrong date. See: 1858 July 31, (II; 2218).]

1858 Aug 4 / Germany, Berlin, etc. / Met det? / BA '60. [II; 2219. Greg, 95.]

1858 Aug 9-10 / At sea, off Jedo, Japan, hundreds of meteors / BA 65. [II; 2220. Glaisher, James, and, Robert Philips Greg, Edward William Brayley, Alexander Stewart Herschel. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1864-65." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1865, 57-142, at  60-61. In 1858, H.M.S. Furious, (not Fury), was at Yedo, (now, Tokyo), to help establish the first British embassy in Japan.]

1858 Aug 11 / [LT], 6-f, etc. / Donati's Comet / Comet / See Aug. index. [II; 2221. Hind, John Russell. "The Comet." London Times, August 11, 1858, p. 6 c. 6.]

1858 Aug 11 / q / I [Light] / India, Simla / BA '11. [II; 2222. Milne, 714.]

1858 Aug. 13 / 6:39 p.m. / England. / great meteor / BA 79-108. [II; 2223. Greg, 95. Glaisher, James, and, Robert Philips Greg, George Forbes, Alexander Stewart Herschel, Charles Brooke, Walter Flight. "Report of Observations of Luminous Meteors during the year 1878-79." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1879, 76-131. at 108-109, (illustrations).]

1858 Aug 17 / [LT], 7-f / 20-9-f / Sept 15-9-d / 17-9-c / Mets. [II; 2224. Arnold, J. "Meteors." London Times, August 17, 1858, p. 7 c. 6. "Meteors." London Times, August 20, 1858 p. 7 c. 6. Lowe, Edward Joseph, and others. "Large Meteors." London Times, September 15, 1858 p. 9 c. 4. "The Meteor of Monday Last. London Times, September 17, 1858 p. 9 c. 3.]

1858 Aug 18 / afternoon / near Iowa City, Iowa / Tornado / Finley's Rept. [II; 2225. Finley, 3.]

1858 Aug 19 / "Terrible hurricane and excessive rain." / Piedmont, Italy. Cardiff Times, Aug 28-3-6. [II; 2226. (Cardiff Times, Aug 28-3-6, 1858; not at BNA.)]

1858 Sept / Wtch. / East Thorpe, Essex. [A; 396. "The Black Art in Somerset." London Times, September 11, 1858, p. 10 c. 4. "The Black Art in Somerset." Bath Chronicle and Weekly Gazette, September 9, 1858, p. 3 c. 6. "East Thorpe.—Witchcraft in the Nineteenth Century." Essex Standard, September 17, 1858, p. 2  c. 5.]

1858 Sept 12 / Great increase, Donati's Comet. [II; 2227.]

1858 Sept 13 / det met / 7:15 p.m. / In Bretagne, near Hédé—an enormous meteor, with loud detonations. [II; 2228.]

1858 Sept 13 / N. of France and Germany / same? / det. met / B.A., 60-94. [II; 2229. Greg, 95.]

1858 Sept 13 / 6:48 p.m. / near Neuilly (Seine) / Remarkable meteor / C.R. 47-800. [II; 2230. "Météore lumineux observé près de Neuilly (Seine), le 13 septembre 1858." Comptes Rendus, 47 (1858): 800-801.]

1858 Sept 15 / Met at Neuilly (Seine) / C.R. 47-800. [II; 2231. "Météore lumineux observé près de Neuilly (Seine), le 13 septembre 1858." Comptes Rendus, 47 (1858): 800-801.]

1858 Sept 28/30 // (+) / (Repeats / Sound or q) / See Nov. / Dartmoor District, at Crediton, no vibration of ground felt but rumbling sound heard and was attributed to a supposed explosion of gun powder. However, no such explosion had occurred. This in evening. About 7 p.m. on 28th, at Druids, near Ashburton, in this district, a rumbling sound was heard and in other places. About 8 p.m., sound and vibration as if of an explosion. In one place was attributed to distant cannonading. Quarterly Jour. Geolog. Soc. London 15 / (See June 22, 1889.) / (1888 / Nov, 1893). [II; 2232.1, 2232.2, 2232.3. Ormerod, George Wareing. "Notice of the Occurrence of an Earthquake along the Northern Edge of the Granite of the Dartmoor District on the 28th of September, 1858." Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 15 (1859): "Proceedings," 188-191. All references in this article refer to the date as the 28th of September.]

1858 Sept 28 / 8 p.m. / q. / Dorset / Timbs'  59-271. [II 2233. "Earthquakes in Dorsetshire." Timbs' Year-Book of Facts in Science and Art, 1859, 271.]

1858 Sept 30 / Nottingham / evening / many meteors / BA '58. [II; 2234. Powell, Baden. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1857-58." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1858, Reports on the State of Science, 137-157, at 150-151.]

1858 Sept. 30 / Met—Beeston / by Lowe—listed by him as "Curious". / Rec. Sci., 1/138. [II; 2235. Lowe, 135, 138.]

1858 Sept 20-to Oct 10 / —great q's, Turkey and Greece / Oct 3—Algeria/ 10—Italy / 16—France / 25—France / BA '11. Sim q's, Feb 18, 1889. [II; 2236. Milne, 714, 735.]

1858 Sept 30 / Tremendous sunspot / (NM) / Ast. Reg 7-19. [II; 2237. (Astronomical Register, 7-19). Wrong, not volume 7.]

1858 Oct 2 / Donati's Comet outshone Arcturas. [II; 2238.]

1858 Oct 3 / q / Algeria / BA '11. [II; 2239. Milne, 714.]

1858 Oct 6 / [LT], 10-d. / Comet and the Astronomers. / See Oct index, Comet. [II; 2240. (London Times 1858 Oct 6-10-d; index for Comet Oct 1858). "Astronomers and the Comet." London Times, October 6, 1858, p. 10 c. 4. "There is much cometary information tht philosophers could easily impart if they possess it, and which the public will most gratefully welcome. What, for instance, has become of the comet that was expected last year? When may we look for the reappearance of the comet that performed such extraordinary vagaries in 1846, and should return in 1858 or 1859?" Palmer's Index offers many items about comets for this month, but only a few provide useful information about Donati's comet. Hind, John Russell. "The Comet. London Times, September 29, 1858, p. 8 c. 6. "Will Not the Comet Be Very Near Venus on the 21st of October?" London Times, October 4, 1858, p. 9. c. 6. A correspondent cakculates that Venus may pass thru the tail of the comet. "The Comet." London Times, October 28, 1858, p. 8 c. 5. Chacornac's observations of the comet from September 10 to October 9 are described. Hind, John Russell. "The Comet." London Times, October 19, 1858, p. 7 c. 1-2. Hind indicates that Venus escaped passing thru the denser portion of the comet's tail and more accurately describes its orbit,]

1858 Oct 8 / evening / Many meteors / B.A., '58. [II; 2241. Powell, Baden. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1857-58." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1858, Reports on the State of Science, 137-157, at 150-151.]

1858 Oct 16 / Fr / Vosges / (q.) / Remiremont / C.R. 47/669. [II; 2242. Laurent, P. "Tremblement de terre ressenti dans les Vosges le 16 octobre." Comptes Rendus, 47 (1858): 669.]

1858 Oct 16 / Q. at Remiremont in the Vosges, France, and sounds like thunder / La Sci Pour Tous 3-392. [II; 2243. "Le Tremblement de Terre du 16 Octobre." La Science Pour Tous, 2 (no. 49; November 11, 1856): 392.]

1858 Nov. 5 / (Oct. see.) / M Standard of 16 / Cor writes that the "mysterious noise" heard at Bude must been from explosion at Devonport Harbor where a sunken rock had been blown up. [II; 2244. "The Mysterious Sounds in Cardiganshire." London Standard, November 16, 1858, p. 4 c. 5.]

[1858] Nov 9 / (Script 207) / Cardiganshire Sounds / L.T. 1858 / Nov 9/10/a / 12/8/f / 13/6 or 8/? / 20/12/c / Dec 1/9/f. [II; 2245. "Mysterious Phenomenon." London Times, November 9, 1858, p. 10 c. 1. "The 'Mysterious Phenomenon' in Cardiganshire." London Times, November 12, 1858, p. 8 c. 6. "To the Editor of the Times" London Times, November 13, 1858, p. 8 c. 6. "To the Editor of the Times" London Times, November 20, 1858, p. 12 c. 3. "To the Editor of the Times" London Times, December 1, 1858, p. 9 c. 6.]

1858 Nov 11 / Violent q. Lisbon. Preceded by 2 days incessant rain. The Geologist 2-32. [II; 2246. Phipson, Thomas Lamb. "Foreign Correspondence." Geologist, 2 (January, 1859): 32-37, at 32. "This is said to have been the most violent earthquake experienced in Lisbon since the great one of 1755...." "The earthquake was preceded by two days of almost incessant rain."]

1858 Nov 11 / Beeston Observatory / many small meteors / BA, '59. [II; 2247. (BA 59).]

1858 Nov 12 / [LT], 10-a / Aeroliths. [II; 2248. "Aeroliths." London Times, November 12, 1858, p. 10 c. 1.]

1858 Nov 14 to Nov. 28 / Male convulsionary / Religio-Phil. J., Ap 8, 1876 / William Hutchinson, a well-to-do farmer, about a mile from Springfield, Erie Co., Pa., taken with convulsions. Had been unusually healthy man. Most violent fit every evening, about the same time. No more until anniversary of the 1st fit—same hour and lasted till about the 28th. Ten years went by and each anniversary the same seizures. He travelled tour of Europe, Australia, West Indies to shake off the seizures, but each anniversary they returned. (This copied from the N.Y. Herald) / Seems to me his fears before these dates brought on phe. [A; 397.1, 397.2, 397.3. "A Pennsylvania Farmer's Trouble...." Religio-Philosophical Journal, 20 (no. 4; April 8, 1876): 28, (c. 1-2). His fits occurred each year, starting on the same date, for eighteen years.]

1858 Nov. 23 / [LT], 6-f / q. / Portugal. [II; 2249. "Portugal." London Times, November 23, 1858, p. 6 c. 6.]

1858 Nov. 25 / 11:43 p.m. / Cork, Ireland. / detonating meteor. Meteor seen and sound like a loud clap of thunder / Nat. Hist Rev. 6-26. [II; 2250. "Royal Irish Academy." Natural History Review, 6 (1859): pt. 2, 1-27, at 26-27.]

1858 Nov. 29 / ab 1 p.m. / Biarritz / q in a thick fog / Cosmos 13-700. [II; 2251. "Nouvelles de la Semaine." Cosmos, 13 (December 10, 1858): 697-703, at 700-701. Phipson, Thomas Lamb. "Foreign Correspondence." Geologist, 2 (January, 1859): 32-37, at 32-33. "At about one o'clock in the afternoon, a dark fog floated heavily in the air, giving to the horizon an unusual tint that made M. de Monfort suppose that something extraordinary was about to happen." "An hour afterwards the dark fog had disappeared, and the sun's rays darted down with all the fierce heat of an August day, although the thermometer had not varied."]

1858 Nov. 29 / q / I [Light] / Basses Pyrénées / BA '11. [II; 2252. Milne, 714.]

1858 Nov. 30 / Pas de Calias / Met streak / BA 60-106. [II; 2253. Greg, 106.]

1858 Nov. 30 / 8:45 p.m. / Boscastle / Jabez Brown / BA 58/156 / See 1857. [II; 2254. Powell, Baden. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1857-58." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1858, Reports on the State of Science, 137-157, at 156.]

1858 Dec 6 / [LT], 9-f / 10-9-c / Met in broad day. [II; 2255. Lingen, Charles. "A Meteor in Broad Day." London Times, December 6, 1858, p. 9 c. 6. Giles, J.D. "To the Editor of the Times." London Times, December 10, 1858, p. 9 c. 3.]

1858 Dec 7 / [LT], 6-f / 8-10-c / 10-7-f / Brilliant Aurora. [II; 2256. "The Aurora Borealis." London Times, December 7, 1858, p. 6 c. 6. "The Aurora Borealis." London Times, December 8, 1858, p. 10 c. 3. "The Aurora Borealis." London Times, December 10, 1858, p. 7 c. 6.]

1858 Dec 8 / Island of Reunion / volc in full eruption. Geologist 2-86. [II; 2257. Phipson, Thomas Lamb. "Foreign Correspondence." Geologist, 2 (February, 1859): 80-88, at 86. On December 8th, the Island's Governor sent a dispatch: "The volcano of this island is now in full eruption. Since last week a torrent of burning lava has been seen flowing towards the sea, and all communication with the Arrondissement du Vent has been cut off; the lava having crossed the high road for an extent of 400 yards, and to the depth of from nine to twelve feet."

1858 Dec 9 / Fr / Aussun, Haute Garonne / Metite / B.A. 1860 / (near Spain / See Dec 24.) [II; 2258. Fletcher, 102. These are the Ausson meteorites. Greg, 95.]

1858 Dec. 9 / (F) / Montrejeau / 2 stones fall. / C.R. 47/1053 / 48/index, Aerolite / 7:30 a.m. Montrejeau in C.R. 48-193. [II; 2259. Petit. "Sur l'aérolithe du 9 decembre." Comptes Rendus, 47 (1858): 1053-1055. Filhol, and, Leymerie. "Note sur l'aérolithe de Montrejean." Comptes Rendus, 48 (1859): 193-198. (48: 16, 267, 348, 446, 479, 578, 798, 920.) Montréjeau is the correct spelling.]

1858 Dec 9 / Metite of Montrejeau (Haute-Garonne) / L. An. Sci 1860/16 / or M-Jean? / 7 a.m. [II; 2260. "L'aérolithe de Montrejeau." Année Scientifique et Industrielle, 4 (1860): 16-21.]

1858 Dec 14 / [LT], 8-f / Astro phe. [II; 2261. "Astronomical Phenomena." London Times, December 14, 1858, p. 8 c. 6.]

1858 Dec. 23 / qs / Jamaica and Philippines / BA '11. [II; 2262. Milne, 714.]

1858 Dec. 24 / Molina, Murcia, Spain / (F) / CR 66-639. Near place of Dec. 9 / (CR 66-639). [II; 2263. Fletcher, 102. This is the Molina meteorite. Daubrée, Gabriel-Auguste, and, St. Meunier. "Météorite tombée à Murcie, Espagne, le 24 décembre 1858." Comptes Rendus, 66 (1868): 639-642.]

1858 Dec. 29 / Venus Inf Conjunction Sun / (A l). [II; 2264.]

1859:

1859 / Sleeper Susan C. Godsey, near Hickman, Ky. / See July 14, 1869. [A; 398. See: 1869 July 14, (A; 547).]

1859 / In village of Stoke Lane, Somersetshire, England, showe[r] of small fishes, ac to Mrs Ellen S. Marvin, 1646 E. 15th St., Sheepshead Bay, N.Y. See letter. [II; 2265. Pabst notes: "Letter is missing." (Fix. Could be near 1859 Feb 9 fish fall at Abedare???)]

1859 Ja. / (It) / (Sounds) / detonations not accompanied by quaking / See 1816. [II; 2266.]

1859 Jan 4 /Large met / Holstein / BA 69-283. [II; 2267. Glaisher, James, and, Robert Philips Greg, Edward William Brayley, Alexander Stewart Herschel, Charles Brooke. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1868-69." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1869, 216-308, at 283.]

1859 Jan 23 / Begins Mauna Loa / A. J. Sci 2/28/66, 284 / 29/301. [II; 2268. Haskell, Robert C. "On a Visit to the Recent Eruption of Mauna Loa, Hawaii." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 28 (1859): 66-71. "Eruption of Mauna Loa, Sandwich Islands." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 28 (1859): 284. "Eruption of Mauna Loa, Sandwich Islands." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 29 (1860): 301-302.]

1859 Jan 28 / [LT], 7-e / Sun Spots. [II; 2269. Dawes, W.R. "Large Solar Spots." London Times, January 28, 1859, p. 7 c. 5.]

1859 Feb 4 / [LT], 10-f / Ext effect of a met. [II; 2270."Extraordinary Effect of a Meteor." London Times, February 4, 1859, p. 10 c. 6. "At this moment a ball of fire, about the size of an orange, and of a dull colour, emitting some sparks, passed rather slowly between two of the party on the off side of the car, and immediately exploded." This "meteor" was undoubtedly an instance of globular lightning, at Binghamstown, County Mayo, Ireland, on January 18, 1859.]

1859 Feb. 7 / Aix, France / det met / BA 67-417. [II; 2271. Glaisher, James, and, Robert Philips Greg, Edward William Brayley, Alexander Stewart Herschel, Charles Brooke. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1866-67." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1867, 288-430, at 417.]

1859 Feb. 11 / Fishes / Glamorganshire. [A; 399.]

1859 Feb. 11 / D-81 / Fish / Eng. / 36. [II; 2272. The note copies information from page 81 of The Book of the Damned. Griffith, John. "The Shower of Fish in the Valley of Abedare." Zoologist, 17 (1859): 6493. Gray, John Edward. "The Shower of Fishes." Zoologist, 17 (1859): 6540-6541.]

1859 Feb / Some of the fishes alive, on exhibition Regent's Park Zoological Gardens, ac to Frank Buckland. / Field, March 19. [II; 2273. (Field, March 19, 1859). Gray, John Edward. "The Shower of Fishes." Zoologist, 17 (1859): 6540-6541. Edward Newman notes that these fish "purporting to be the identical specimens submitted to Professor Owen's inspection" included a minnow and smooth-tailed sticklebacks. ]

1859 Feb 25 / [LT], 12-a / 26-12-f / 28-12-e / Aurora. [II; 2274. Burder, W.C. "To the Editor of the Times." London Times, February 25, 1859, p. 12 c. 1. Lowe, Edward Joseph. "Aurora Borealis and Meteor." London Times, February 26, 1859, p. 12 c. 6. "The Aurora." London Times, February 28, 1859, p. 12 c. 5.]

1859 Feb, end of / Unusual number of mets / Melbourne / BA '68-407. [II; 2275. Glaisher, James, and, Robert Philips Greg, Edward William Brayley, Alexander Stewart Herschel, Charles Brooke. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1867-68." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1868, 344-428, at 407.]

1859 March 12 / (N) / Castillon-sur-Dordogne (Gironde) / white, friable substance / La Sci Pour Tous 4/144 / (Comptes Rendus 48-597). In small grains / in space of less than 8 kilometres. [II; 2276. "Pluie Crayeuse." La Science Pour Tous, 4 (no. 18; April 7, 1859): 144. "M. Paquerée adresse un échantillon d'une substance blanche friable...." Comptes Rendus, 48 (1859): 597.]

1859 March 18 / Wrottlesley Observatory / 1:23 1/2 a.m. / "From S to N. a few degrees below the moon." / B Ass. 1859/84. [II; 2277. Powell, Baden. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1858-59." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1859, Reports on the State of Science, 81-95, at 84-85.]

1859 March 22 / Quito—at 8:30 a.m. / after a slight atmospheric detonation, great q / Y.B. 60-268 / BA '11. [II; 2278. "Earthquake at Quito." Timbs' Year-Book of Facts in Science and Art, 1860, 267-269. Milne, 714.]

1859 Mar. 26 / S / Spot Sun / Lescarbault / 104. [II; 2279. Lescarbault. "Passage d'une planète sur le disque du Soleil, observé à Orgères (Eure-et-Loir)." Comptes Rendus, 50 (1860): 40-46.]

1859 March 28 / (F) / Metites of Harrison Co, Indiana. / A.J. Sci., 2/28/409 / 4 p.m. / Dug up immediately. "No warmth." Another was warm. All with a black, vitrified surface. [II; 2280. Fletcher, 102. This is the Harrison County meteorite. Greg, 96. Smith, John Lawrence. "Account of several Meteoric Stones which fell in Harrison Co., Indiana, March 28th, 1859." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 28 (1859): 409.]

1859 March 28 / Aerolite / also 1860 / E Mec 79/383. [II; 2281. (English Mechanic, 79-383; about 1904). See: 1860 March 28, (II; 2432).]

1859 Ap / Disap or ghst / Cowes, Isle of Wight / Real Ghost Stories, p. 90. [A; 400. Stead, William Thomas. Real Ghost Stories. London: Mowbray House, (1891), 90, cv. "The Murdered Miller on the Grey Horse." After crossing the path of a horseman at a crossroads, a rider called out "good-night," but failing to hear any reply, he turned about to discover the rider and his grey horse had vanished. A nearby farmer was aware of a miller, riding a grey horse, who was robbed and murdered at that crossroads forty years before, with numerous people telling of their encounter with the same apparition, to his mother and himself.]

1859 Ap 1 / Ext. cold at Rennes / Cosmos 14-515. [II; 2282. "Académie des Sciences." Cosmos, 14 (May 6, 1859): 514-523, at 515-516. Dujardin, Félix. "Sur un froid exceptional observée à Rennes le 1er avril 1859." Comptes Rendus, 48 (1859): 874-875.]

1859 April 4 / Pampanga (Mexico) / Philippines / (F). [II; 2283. Fletcher, 102. Daubrée, Gabriel-Auguste. "Météorite tombée (en 1859?) aux íles Philippines." Comptes Rendus, 66 (1868): 637-639. This is the Pampanga meteorite, (which was observed to fall in the village of Mexico, in Pampanga province, in the Philippines).]

1859 Ap. 6 / Fr / Vosges / q and sound like thunder / See Oct 16, '58. / C.R. 48/752. [II; 2284. Laurent, P. "Tremblement de terre ressenti le 6 avril dans le département des Vosges." Comptes Rendus, 48 (1859): 752. See: 1858 Oct 16, (II; 2242).]

1859 Ap 12 / 21 / q / shocks / Siena / L.T., Ap 15-10-b. [II; 2285. "The following telegrams have been received...." London Times, April 15, 1859, p. 10 c. 2. "Twenty-one shocks of earthquake were felt at Sienna yesterday."]

1859 Ap 13 / 9 a.m. / Explosion powder mill at Hastings / LT, Ap 15-10-e. [II; 2286. "Another Explosion of a Powder Mill." London Times, April 15, 1859, p. 10 c. 5.]

1859 Ap. 22 / 1:14 a.m. / Meteor / Beeston Observatory / fine aurora at the time / BA '59. [II; 2287. Powell, Baden. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1858-59." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1859, Reports on the State of Science, 81-95, at 82-83.]

1859 Ap. 29 / A / A.J. Sci 2/28/154, 408. [II; 2288. "Auroral Arch." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 28 (1859): 154. "The Great Auroral Exhibition of August 28th to September 4th, 1859." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 28 (1859): 385-408.]

1859 May / Beuste / Basses-Pyrénées, France / (F) / (CR 76-314). [II; 2289. Fletcher, 102. This is the Beuste meteorite. Daubrée, Gabriel-Auguste. "Note sur des météorites représentant deux chutes inédites qui ont eu lieu en France, l'une à Montlivault (Loir-et-Cher), le 22 juillet 1838, l'autre a Beuste (Basses-Pyrénées) en mai 1859." Comptes Rendus, 76 (1873): 314-316.]

1859 May 4 / Chambon / milky substance in hail—said been sulphuric acid / Cosmos 14-678. [II; 2290. "Faits de science." Cosmos, 14 (June 17, 1859): 671-679, at 678-679.]

1859 May 8-17 / Period of unusual number of shooting stars / Melbourne / BA 68-407. [II; 2291. Glaisher, James, and, Robert Philips Greg, Edward William Brayley, Alexander Stewart Herschel, Charles Brooke. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1867-68." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1868, 344-428, at 407.]

1859 May 27, June 10 / Dry fog / verified / Cosmos 15/37, 88. [II; 2292. "Faits de science." Cosmos, 15 (July 8, 1859): 36-38, at 36-37. "Faits de science." Cosmos, 15 (July 22, 1859): 85-90, at 88.]

1859 May 27 / and other days // France / dry fog or thick smoke / at Paris / strong odor of sulphur or creosote / See June 2-7. [II; 2293. "Faits de science." Cosmos, 14 (June 17, 1859): 671-679, at 675-678. See: 1859 June 2 - 7, (II; 2301).]

1859 May 27 / dry fog / Paris / Dry fog / strong, nauseating odor / Cosmos 15/37. [II; 2294. "Faits de science." Cosmos, 15 (July 8, 1859): 36-38, at 37.]

1859 May 28 / Ext. hail / Brussels / Bull Ac Sci Brux 7-352. [II; 2295. Quetelet, Lambert Adolphe Jacques. "Grêle extraordinaire observée à Bruxelles, le 28 mai 1859." Bulletins de l'Académie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique, s. 2 v. 7 (1859): 352-356.]

1859 May 28 / Brussels / hail / Fassig 2/343. [II; 2296. Fassig, Oliver Lanard, ed. Bibliography of Meteorology. Part II: Moisture. Washington: Signal Office, 1889, 343. Quetelet, Lambert Adolphe Jacques. "Grêle extraordinaire observée à Bruxelles, le 28 mai 1859." Bulletins de l'Académie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique, s. 2 v. 7 (1859): 352-356. "Sur une Grêle Extraordinaire Tombée à Bruxelles." Annuaire de l'Observatoire Royal de Belgique, 27 (1860): 106-110.]

1859 May 29 / Large hailstones falling gently near Nottingham. Some more than an inch in diameter, ac to E.J. Lowe. / An Reg 1859/70. [II; 2297. "Chronicle." Annual Register, 101 (1859): pt. 2, 1-202, at 70-71, cv. "Extraordinary Hailstones." "The stones fell very gently, considering their extraordinary size; indeed, I have received much smarter raps from small hailstones than I did from these."]

1859 June 20 / Ottawa Co., Kansas / Tornado / Finley's Rept. [II; 2298. Finley, 3.]

1859 // summer /// Swarms of small wing insects / "Thrips." / Scarborough / See Aug 25, 1869. / Sci Op. 2-292. [II; 2299. (Scientific Opinion, 2-292).]

1859 // summer /// Swarms of insects like in 1869-Aug 25 / Sci Opinion 2/292. [II; 2300. (Scientific Opinion, 2-292).]

1859 June 2 - 7 / The smoke or fog very thick at Munster / Cosmos 14-677 / See May 27. [II; 2301. "Faits de science." Cosmos, 14 (June 17, 1859): 671-679, at 675-678. See: 1859 May 27, (II; 2293).]

1859 July 4 / Fall of meteors / found later / Taney Co, Mo. / Sci. News, N.S., 1-148. [II; 2302. "Another Remarkable Meteorite." Scientific News for General Readers, n.s., 1 (February 17, 1888): 148. Kunz, George Frederick. "On some American Meteorites." American Journal of Science, s. 3 v. 34 (1887): 467-477, at 467-471. "Prof. E. J. Cox says he was informed by Mrs. Scott of Van Buren, that when in the N.W. part of Crawford County, near Penneyoits, Sulphur Spring, attending a barbecue, on July 4th, 1859, about noon, a shower of small meteorites fell on the roof of a cabin half a mile distant, one of which was sent to Capt. Albert Pike, of Little Rock, Ark. Although twenty-eight years have elapsed nothing has been heard of any of these pieces, in spite of frequent inquiries."]

1859 July 4 / London / fireball / BA 67-418. [II; 2303. Glaisher, James, and, Robert Philips Greg, Edward William Brayley, Alexander Stewart Herschel, Charles Brooke. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1866-67." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1867, 288-430, at 418.]

1859 July 13 / N.Y. City / Tornado / Finley's Rept. [II; 2304. Finley, 3.]

1859 July 13 / [L], 5-c / Singular Fatality to a family. [A; 401. "Singular Fatality." London Times, July 13, 1859, p. 5 c. 3.]

1859 July 18 / Enfield / a little fly "Chlorops lineata" in a hailstone / Ent. Weekly Intelligencer, vol 7—p. 76. [II; 2305. Walker, Francis. "Hail-stone Fly." Entomologist's Weekly Intelligencer, 7 (December 3, 1859): 76. "Edward Ford, Esq., of Old Park, Enfield, observed a little fly enclosed in a hailstone of the storm of the 18th July. He gave it to me, and it proves to be Chlorops lineta, Fabr.,—the fly that occurs in immense swarms on the windows and ceilings of houses near London in the spring."]

1859 July 21 / Conj Jupiter and Venus / Observatory 24/156. [II; 2306. Johnson, Samuel Jenkins. "Planetary Conjunctions." Observatory, 24 (1901): 156-158, at 156. Ward, Mary. "The Conjunction of the Planets Jupiter and Venus, on the Morning of July 21st, 1859." Recreative Science, 1 (1860): 222-224.]

1859 July 24 / Elmira, N.Y. / Tornado / Finley's Rept. [II; 2307. Finley, 4.]

1859 July and Aug / Vesuvius active and devastating / Y.B. '60-276. [II; 2308. "Eruption of Vesuvius." Timbs' Year-Book of Facts in Science and Art, 1860, 267.]

1859 July 25 / Milan / hail / Fassig / 2/343. [II; 2309. Fassig, Oliver Lanard, ed. Bibliography of Meteorology. Part II: Moisture. Washington: Signal Office, 1889, 343. "Lavori del Reale Istituto Lombardo."  Atti del Reale Istituto Lombardo di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti, 1 (1858): 397-400, at  399, c.v. "Il professore [Luigi] Magrini ragguaglia interno alla grandine caduta a Milano it corente, in questi termini...." Volume one extends to September of 1859, tho its publication date is shown as "1858."]

1859 July 29 / Celebes / Sea waves / BA '11. [II; 2310. Milne, 715.]

1859 July 30 / Fish / Nusseerabad, Rajpootna, India—ac to cor to the Field, Oct 1, 1859 / After long absences of rain, a sudden heavy fall beginning 3 a.m. near his bungalow. Close to where he stood cor saw a small fish wriggling on gravel. Ab 2 inches long, and resmebled a youngdace. Then other living fishes found. No stream near. No pond nearer than a mile. [II; 2311.1, 2311.2. (Field, October 1, 1859).]

1859 July 31 / Montpreis (Styria) / Cosmos 19-567. Metites of stone. [II; 2312. "Science Étrangère." Cosmos, 19 (November 22, 1861): 566-568, at 567-568. (Illustration, in Merrill's Minerals from Earth and Sky. plate 11.) Ritter von Haidinger, Wilhelm Karl. "Der Meteorsteinfall zu Montpreis am 31. Juli 1859." Sitzungsberichte der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 44 (1861): 373-378. Kirkwood, Daniel. Meteoric Astronomy: A Treatise on Shooting-stars, Fire-balls, and Aerolites. Philadelphia, J.B. Lippincott, 1867, 68-69. "On the 31st of July, 1859, about half-past nine o'clock in the evening, three inhabitants of the bourg of Montpreis, in Styria, saw a small luminous globe, very similar to a shooting-star, and followed by a luminous streak in the heavens, fall directly to the earth, which it attained close to the château that exists in the locality. The fall was accompanied by a whistling or hissing noise in the air, and terminated by a slight detonation. The three observers, rushing to the spot where the meteor fell, immediately found a small cavity in the hard, sandy soil, from which they extracted three small meteoric stones about the size of nuts, and a quantity of black powder. For five to eight seconds these stones continued in a state of incandescence, and it was necessary to allow upwards of a quarter of an hour to elapse before they could be touched without inflicting a burn. They appear to have been ordinary meteoric stones, covered with the usual black rind. The possessors would not give them up to be analyzed."]

1859 July 31 / Metites / 9:30 p.m. / Montpreis, Stryia / 3 small hot stones / BA 67-418. [II; 2313. Glaisher, James, and, Robert Philips Greg, Edward William Brayley, Alexander Stewart Herschel, Charles Brooke. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1866-67." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1867, 288-430, at 418.]

1859 Aug 1 / Beeston Observatory / many meteors / BA 59. [II; 2314. Powell, Baden. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1858-59." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1859, Reports on the State of Science, 81-95, at 82-83.]

[1859 ab Aug 1. Wrong date. See: 1859 Aug 11, (II; 2315).]

1859 Aug 3 / Destructive gale at Bahia / N.Y. Ev Post, 16th. [II; 2316. (New York Evening Post, August 16, 1859; not found here; also on microfilm.)]

1859 Aug 7 / 8:30 p.m. / Germany / det met / BA 60-94. [II; 2317. Greg, 96.]

1859 Aug 9 / Date of the moths / D News, 15th. [II; 2318. (Daily News, August 15, 1859; not found here).]

1859 Aug. 10 / Met—at Beeston—by E.J. Lowe—listed by him as "Curious.  Rec. Sci., 1/138. [II; 2319. Lowe, 138.]

1859 Aug 10 / Mets at Wolverhampton / "very grand" / BA 59-95. [II; 2320. Powell, Baden. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1858-59." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1859, Reports on the State of Science, 81-95, at 86-87 & 95.]

1859 Aug 10 / At Beeston Observatory ab 70 per hour in 1/4 part of the heavens / BA 59. [II; 2321. Powell, Baden. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1858-59." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1859, Reports on the State of Science, 81-95, at 84-85.]

1859 Aug 11 / midnight / Siberia / in the S. great detonating meteor / BA 61. [II; 2322. Glaisher, James, and, John Hall Gladstone, Robert Philips Greg, Edward Joseph Lowe. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1860-61." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1861, 1-44, at 2-3.]

[1859 Aug 11 /] 1859 / ab Aug 1 // Metite near Albany, NY / L.T., Sept 30-10-e. [II; 2315. "Meteoric Phenomenon." London Times, September 30, 1859, p. 10 c. 5. This is the Bethlehem meteorite.]

1859 Aug 11 / Metite / ab 7:20 a.m. / Northern NY, Vt, Mass. / violent det meteor / A. J. Sci 2/28/300. Stone said fallen near Albany—near Bethlehem. [II; 2323. "Meteor of August 11, 1859." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 28 (October 1859): 300-303, at 302-303. This is the Bethlehem meteorite.]

1859 Aug 11 / (F) / Sounds / ab 7:20 a.m. / Blandford, Mass / Troy, N.Y. / Bennington, Vt. / Albany / 2 explosions. Ac to one witness, 3. Meteor was seen by many. Am. J. Sci 3/28/300 / (F). [II; 2324. Fletcher, 102. This is the Bethlehem meteorite. Greg, 96. "Meteor of August 11, 1859." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 28 (October 1859): 300-303, at 300.]

1859 Aug 11 / Meteor of // Stone said to have fallen on a farm in the village of Jericho, ab 4 miles from Bethlehem Centre, N.Y. / N.Y. Ev Post, Sept 12. About size of pigeon egg. [II; 2325.1, 2325.2. (New York Evening Post, September 12, 1859; not found here). This is the Bethlehem meteorite.]

1859 Aug 13 / Sound / 10:15 a.m. / Hopton—near E. Harling / (+) / Norfolk / cloudless sky / rumbling like distant cannonading / Times 20-7-f / Noticed at Brighton sky "perfectly cloudless. Said was supposed to be from cannonading at Portsmouth, where the Duke Constantine had recently arrived, but it was learned that no salutes there until late in the evening. Ac to another cor at Wallisfield, Suffolk, "a sudden, loud rumbling noise overhead" bet 9 and 10 a.m. Another cor notes that at sea, near Brighton he had heard a succession of heavy rumbling sounds lasting from 10:15 to 10:35 a.m. his [LT] 27-5-f. He had questioned boatmen who said that cannonading at Spithead, from which though 50 miles away, cannonading had been heard when wind favourable. However, this morning the wind had not been from direction of Spithead, only showing a tendency so to veer. [II; 2326.1 to 2326.5. "Earthquake at Hopton." London Times, August 20, 1859, p. 7 c. 6. "Supposed Earthquake." London Times, August 25, 1859, p. 9 c. 2. "Earthquake in the Eastern Counties." London Times, August 25, 1859, p. 9 c. 2.  "Supposed Earthquake." London Times, August 27, 1859, p. 5 c. 6.]

1859 Aug. 15 / Spot appeared on edge of sun but the great spot appeared 25th. / D. News 31-3-5. [II; 2327. Newall, Robert Stirling. "Solar Spots and the Weather." London Daily News, August 31, 1859. p. 3 c. 5. Newall had observed the great spot from August 15, (when appearing on the edge of the Sun), to August 25; and, he had only observed the sunspot's appearance as a "notch" once before, in 1850. See: 1850 March 25, (II; 1380); and, 1859 Aug 21, (II; 2329).]

1859 Aug 18 / Flashes from Ft. Hood, Oregon / 19th and 20, clouds of vapor from the crater and at night shafts of flame / A. J. Sci 2/28/448. [II; 2328. "Eruption of Mount Hood." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 28 (1859): 448.]

1859 Aug 21 / From 6 to 7 p.m., large sun spot visible to n.e. reported by E J Lowe. / L.T. 24-12-e // 27-5-f / Another cor writes been visible since the 15th. Others—but all small compared with a new one that began to appear morning of 24th, ab 4 times the size of Lowe's. [II; 2329.1, 2329.2. Lowe, Edward Joseph. "Solar Spot." London Times, August 24, 1859, p. 12 c. 5. Newall, Robert Stirling. "Solar Spots and the Weather." London Times, August 27, 1859, p. 5 c. 6.]

1859 Aug 22 / Norcia, Italy, q / 25-Sept 3, Sea waves at Salvador / Aug 31, q, Turkey / BA '11. [II; 2330. Milne, 715.]

1859 Aug 22 // (q and versus sky) / Ital / At Norcia, ac to Secchi, the stories of fire and of other flames were absurd. / Cosmos, N.S., 69/422. [II; 2331. Secchi, Pietro Angelo. "Escursione scientifica fatta a Norcia ad occasione dei terremoti del 22 Agosto 1859." Atti dell'Accademia Pontificia de'Nuovi Lincei, 13 (1860): 63-104, at 88-90. (Cosmos, s. 4 (n.s.) v. 69 (1913): 422.)]

1859 Aug 23 / letter dated // Naples / Times 29-8-c / Vesuvius  "bursting out into patches of fire in all directions." [II; 2332. "Naples." London Times, August 29, 1859, p. 8 c. 3.]

1859 Aug 22 / (It) / Norcia (?) / q and column of fire and smoke / See 1805. [II; 2333. (Galli, Ignazio. "Raccolta e classificazione di fenomeni luminosi osservati nei terremoti." Bollettino della Società Sismologica Italiana, 14 (1910): 221-448, at 367.) See: 1805 July 26, (I; 146).]

1859 Aug 28-29 / Cupola of the Aurora at 12:45 open space surrounded by circle of light exactly on Alpha Andromedae. Lowe / [LT], Sept 1-10-b / At 2:30 cupola, close to Gamma Trianguli. [II; 2334. Lowe, Edward Joseph. "Brilliant Aurora Borealis." London Times, September 1, 1859, p. 10 c. 2.]

1859 Aug 28 / At Beeston—the Aurora-Cupola / 12:45 a.m.—on A. Andromedae / 1:15—2° E of Alpha / 2:30—close to Gamma Trianguli / E J. Lowe / LT, Sept. 1. [II; 2335. Lowe, Edward Joseph. "Brilliant Aurora Borealis." London Times, September 1, 1859, p. 10 c. 2.]

1859 Aug 28 / 8:40—9 p.m. / Aurora and position of rays given-by Lowe. Exactly on Alpha Andromeda / An Reg 1859-129. [II; 2336. "Chronicle." Annual Register, 101 (1859): pt. 2, 1-202, at 128-129, cv. "Brilliant Aurora Borealis."]

1859 [Aug] 28-29 / Paris . Aurora / C.R. 49/338 / Rome—p. 346 / Noyelles-sur-Mer p. 367, 397, 424. [II; 2337. Coulvier-Gravier. "Aurores boréale observée dans la nuit du 28 au 29 août." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 338. Fournet. "Aperçu météorologiques relatifs aux aurores boréales du 29 août 1859 et du 17 novembre 1848." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 397-402. Secchi, Angelo. "Observations de la planète Mars.—Le tremblement de terre de Norcia ressenti à Rome.—Aurore boréale de la nuit du 28 au 29 août." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 346-347. Lartigue, H. "Aurores boréale observée dans la nuit du 28 au 29 août, à Noyelles-sur-Mer...." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 367-368. De la Rive, Auguste Arthur. "Aurores boréale du 29 août." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 424-428.]

1859 Aug 25 - Sept 3 / qs and sea waves at Salvador / BA '11. [II; 2338. Milne, 715.]

1859 Aug 27 / N.Y. Ev. Post, 3-10 / in Maine. Brooks dry that were never known to be dry before. [II; 2339. "Unprecedented Drought in Maine." New York Evening Post, August 27, 1859, p. 3 c. 10.]

1859 Aug 28 / Aurora seen in Jamaica / probably first time on record / NY Ev Post, Sept 29-1-4. [II; 2340. "The Aurora in the Tropics." New York Evening Post, September 29, 1859, p. 1 c. 4. "By way of Havana we have some later intelligence from Jamaica. The Aurora Borealis was witnessed in that island, it seems, for the first time, perhaps, since its discovery by Christopher Columbus. So rare is the phenomenon in these latitudes, that it was taken for the glare of a fire, and was associated with the recent riots."]

1859 Aug 28 / Aurora brilliant in northern sky at Savannah, Georgia / NY Ev Post, Sept 2-1-4. [II; 2341. "The Aurora Borealis at the South." New York Evening Post, September 2, 1859, p. 1 c. 4.]

1859 Aug 28 to Sept 4 / Auroral effect / The horizontal ring of light / Between Portland and Boston, telegraph operators sent messages without their batteries. / An. Sci D 1860/414. [II; 2342. "On the Great Auroral Display of August 28th to Sept. 4th, 1859." Annual of Scientific Discovery, 1860, 414.]

1859 Aug 28 - Sept 4 / Long article on the Auroras / A. J. Sci 2/32/7. [II; 2343. Loomis, Elias. "The Great Auroral Exhibition of Aug. 28th to Sept. 4th, 1859." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 32 (1861): 71-84.]

1859 Aug 28 / The Aurora as seen in Nova Scotia / LT, Oct 4-10-c. [II; 2344. "Aurora Borealis." London Times, October 4, 1859, p. 10 c. 3.]

1859 Aug 29 / [LT], 8-c / Outbreak of Vesuvius. [II; 2345. "Naples." London Times, August 29, 1859, p. 8 c. 3.]

1859 Aug 30 / Dispatching date // q / Norcia, Italy / 200 killed / LT 31-6-f. [II; 2346. "Latest Intelligence." London Times, August 31, 1859, p. 6 c. 6.]

1859 Aug 30 / D. News of // Vesuvius bursting out into patches of fire / all directions. [II; 2347. (1859 Aug 30 / Daily News of).]

1859 Aug 28-29 / night / Great storm / England / France / C.R. 49-399. [II; 2348. Fournet. "Aperçu météorologiques relatifs aux aurores boréales du 29 août 1859 et du 17 novembre 1848." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 397-402, at 399.]

1859 Aug 28 / The Aurora / N.Y. Ev Post, 29th / Aug 28 unusually cold. / 1859 Sept 20 / N.Y. Ev. Post of / Hysterical Revival in North of Ireland. [II; 2349. "Remarkable Atmospheric Phenomenon." New York Evening Post, August 29, 1859, p. 2 c. 3. "The Irish Revival." New York Evening Post, September 20, 1859, p. 3 c. 8.]

1859 Aug 29, etc. / Aurora / great deal in C.R., vol. 49. [II; 2350. Coulvier-Gravier. "Aurores boréale observée dans la nuit du 28 au 29 août." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 338. Fournet. "Aperçu météorologiques relatifs aux aurores boréales du 29 août 1859 et du 17 novembre 1848." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 397-402. Secchi, Angelo. "Observations de la planète Mars.—Le tremblement de terre de Norcia ressenti à Rome.—Aurore boréale de la nuit du 28 au 29 août." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 346-347. Lartigue, H. "Aurores boréale observée dans la nuit du 28 au 29 août, à Noyelles-sur-Mer...." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 367-368. De la Rive, Auguste Arthur. "Aurores boréale du 29 août." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 424-428.]

1859 Aug and Sept / It / Sounds. / Norcia / Same as Jan. at Trevig. [II; 2351.]

1859 Aug 28 / In Times, Oct 5, Robert Rawlinson publishes his meteorological observations in Lapland from Aug 25 to Sept. 7. Aurora noticed Aug 25 only. [II; 2352. Rawlinson, Robert. "Aurora Borealis." London Times, October 5, 1859, p. 11 c. 3.]

1859 Aug 28 - Sept 4 / Ext. Aurora / Am J Sci 2/28/407 / 29/92. M. W. Rev 32/322. [II; 2353. "The Great Auroral Exhibition of August 28th to September 4th, 1859." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 28 (1859): 385-408. "The Great Auroral Exhibition of August 28th to September 4th, 1859." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 29 (1860): 92-97. "Does the Aurora Ever Envelope the Whole Earth?" Monthly Weather Review, 32 (July 1904): 322.]

1859 Aug 29 / Adelaide, S. Australia / 7 p.m. / very brilliant meteor almost immediately followed by aurora / Neumayer, "Meteorological Observations, p. 241. [II; 2354. Neumayer, Georg Balthasar von. Results of the Meteorological Observations Taken in the Colony of Victoria, During the Years 1859-1862.... Melbourne: J. Ferres, 1864, 241. "Adelaide.—A very brilliant meteor was seen about 7 p.m. towards the south, which fell in a curved course from about 45 elevation to the eastward. Almost immediately following the object the glowing rays of a vivid Aurora lit up the sky, being at first more fully developed to the westward, but afterwards stretching across the whole of the south from the hills to the sea."]

[1859 Aug. 29 /] 1859 / ab. last Sept // Very great aurora in Australia / Nature 81/524. [II; 2381. "Mr. W. E. Cooke, Government astronomer, Western Australia, informs us...." Nature, 81 (October 28, 1909): 524. "By a curious coincidence, the last great display in Australia occurred almost exactly fifty years ago." The aurora australis was noticed at the Observatory, in Sydney, at 7:20 P.M., on August 29, 1859. Scott, W. "Southern Aurora." Sydney Morning Herald, August 30, 1859, p. 5 c. 6, ]

1859 Aug 29-Sept 4 / "The week was extremely remarkable in consequence of an almost constant display of the Aurora Australis." / The Age (Melbourne), Sept 8-6-5. / Evening of 28, magnetic disturbance. Increased, morning of 29th. [II; 2355. Neumayer, Georg Balthasar von. The Age, (Melbourne), September 8, 1859 p. 6 c. 5.]

1859 Aug 31 / Near Milan, Italy, a deluge, called a waterspout / D. News, 12-7-2. [II; 2356. "Atmospheric Disturbance of Electric Telegraphs." London Daily News, September 12, 1859, p. 7 c. 2. "The telegraph office at Milan soon afterwards announced hat a powerful waterspout had broken over the country between Castel Pusterlengo and Pizzighettone on the 31st ult., and had destoryed five kilometres of the telegraph line between those two places." "Castel Pusterlengo" would be Casalpusterlengo.]

1859 Sept. 1. / See 1891, June 17. [II; 2357. See: (1891 June 17).]

1859 Sept 1 / C-21+ / (Ch) / 2 luminous bodies near sun / M Notices 20/13, 15, 88. [II; 2358. Carrington, Richard Christopher. "Description of a Singular Appearance seen in the Sun on September 1, 1859." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 20 (November 11, 1859): 13-15. Hodgson, Richard. "On a curious Appearance seen in the Sun." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 20 (November 11, 1859): 15-16. Piazzi Smyth, Charles. "Suggestions connected with the Carrington-and-Hodgson Solar Phenomenon of 1st Sept. 1859." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 20 (January 13, 1860): 88-91. The Carrington event was the first observation of a solar flare which produced a powerful geomagnetic storm beginning on the next day.]

1859 Sept 1 / Great magnetic storm / E Mec 111/124. [II; 2359. Cortie, Aloysius Laurence. "Solar Outbursts—Magnetic Storms—Auroræ." English Mechanic, 51 (no. 1320; July 11, 1890): 422. "The Ether-Magnetic Storms." English Mechanic, 51 (no. 1320; July 11, 1890): 422-423.]

1859 Sept 1 / Det. met / Tenn. / Am J. Sci 2/29/138 / 10 a.m. / BA 60-94. [II; 2360. Greg, 96. McDonnold, Benjamin Wilburn. "Meteoric Explosion in West Tennessee, Sept. 1st, 1859." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 29 (1860): 138.]

1859 Sept 2 / The Aurora in Chile / C.R. 49-1009 / toward S. horizon moving from E to W. [II; 2361. Poey, Andrés. "Coincidence de l'aurore boréale de 1er au 2 septembre dernier avec un aurore australe observée au Chili." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 1009-1011.]

1859 Sept 2 / The Age (Melbourne), Sept 3-5-2—The Aurora Australis was again very beautiful and very conspicuous last night—in southern sky soon after sunset shooting rays toward zenith. [II; 2362. "The Aurora Australis was again very conspicuous...." The Age, (Melbourne), September 3, 1859, p. 5 c. 2.]

[1859 Sept 2. Wrong date. See: 1872 Feb 4, (II; 2363).]

1859 Sept 2 / from midnight to 2 a.m. / in Chili / Aurora in south—moved from east to west / C.R. 49-1009. [II; 2364. Poey, Andrés. "Coincidence de l'aurore boréale de 1er au 2 septembre dernier avec un aurore australe observée au Chili." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 1009-1011.]

1859 Sept 2 / 7 a.m. / France / telegraph instruments charged with electricity / L.T., Sept 6-5-d. [II; 2365. "Atmospheric Phenomenon." London Times, September 6, 1859, p. 5 c. 4.]

1859 Sept 2 / Telegraph instruments charged with electricity. / D. News, 7-2-5 / Throughout France, in the morning. Charged as if with a constant current. [II; 2366. "Atmospheric Phenomenon." London Daily News, September 7, 1859, p. 2 c. 5.]

1859 Sept 2 / Extraordinary electric current in telegraph wires in Italy from 5 a.m., decreasing until 3 p.m. / D. News, 12th. [II; 2367. "Atmospheric Disturbance of Electric Telegraphs." London Daily News, September 12, 1859, p. 7 c. 2.]

1859 Sept. 3 / Aurora again brilliant / Southampton / D News, 7-3-5. [II; 2368. Fletcher, John. "A Waterspout." London Daily News, September 7, 1859, p. 3 c. 5.]

1859 Aug 28—Sept 4 / (g.) Aurora / A J. Sci 2-28-index. [II; 2369. "The Great Auroral Exhibition of August 28th to September 4th, 1859." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 28 (1859): 385-408. "The Great Auroral Exhibition of August 28th to September 4th, 1859." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 29 (1860): 92-97.]

1859 Sept 4 / Waterspout seen at Southampton ab. one o'clock / D. News 7-3-5. That is, a downward projection from a distant cloud. [II; 2370. Fletcher, John. "A Waterspout." London Daily News, September 7, 1859, p. 3 c. 5.]

1859 Sept 5 / 2 p.m. till 4 / Halo around the sun seen at Warwick / D. News 8-2-2. [II; 2371. "Solar Phenomenon." London Daily News, September 8, 1859, p. 2 c. 2.]

1859 Sept 12 / Ext. whirl / Constance (Manche) / C.R. 49/414, 824. [II; 2372. Ginard. "Effets produits par une trombe aux environs de Coutances (Manche)." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 414-415. "M. L'Abbé Ginard, qui avait précédemment fait connaître les résultats de ses observations sur les effets produits...." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 824-825.]

[1859 Sept 12. Wrong date. See: 1859 Oct 12, (II; 2373).]

1859 Sept 15 / Sc Am. 35/389 / John H. Tice, St. Louis, Mo, known as an alarmist weather prophet. /// Mr Weber s[[note cut off]] the spot. [II; 2374. Tice, John H. "The Supposed Planet Vulcan." Scientific American, n.s., 35 (December 16, 1876): 389.]

1859 Sept. 15 / Tice oj. / Tice was Supt of Public Schools in St Louis up to 1857 and then Principal of the Laclede School. / Dec 1-1-4, World, 1883. [II; 2375. (New York World, December 1, 1883, 1-4; on microfilm.)]

1859 Sept 18 / q in Cornwall and great gale s. of England and Channel / Timbs. 60-269. [II; 2376. "Earthquake in Cornwall." Timbs' Year-book of Facts in Science and Art, 1860, 269.]

1859 Sept 20 / N. Y. Ev. Post / Revival in north of Ireland. [A; 402. "The Irish Revival." New York Evening Post, September 20, 1859, p. 3 c. 8.]

1859 Sept 20 / N. Y. Ev. Post / Hysterical Revival in North of Ireland. [II; 2377. "The Irish Revival." New York Evening Post, September 20, 1859, p. 3 c. 8.]

1859 Sept. 24 / 11 a.m. / Vienna / det met / BA 60-94. [II; 2378. Greg, 96.]

1859 Sept. 24 / 9:30—11 p.m. / Isle of Wight / Aurora / LT, Sept 27-10-e. [II; 2379. "Aurora Borealis." London Times, September 27, 1859, p. 10 c. 5.]

1859 Sept 28 / 8:47 / In the Dragon and spreading from / met train / at Anvers / Cosmos 15/421. [II; 2380. "Nouvelles de la Semaine." Cosmos, 15 (October 14, 1859): 421-424, at 421.]

[1859 / ab. last Sept. Wrong date. See: 1859 Aug. 29, (II; 2381).]

1859 Oct 1 / midnight / Lymington, Hants. / Bright light near northern horizon—then Great Bear and sky around tinged a deep rose color—a similar ap. not so bright to the westward. Coruscation from it. / LT, Oct 4-10-c. [II; 2382. "Aurora Borealis." London Times, October 4, 1859 p. 10 c. 3.]

1859 Oct 1 / Aurora / C.R. 49/481, 548. [II; 2383. Laussedat, A. "Observation de l'aurore boréale du 1er octobre." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 478-481. Goldschmidt, H. "Sur l'aurore boréale du 1er octobre." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 548-549.]

1859 Oct 7 / Waterspout burst near Calcutta. / Jour Asiatic Soc Bengal 29/368. [II; 2384. Sherwill, Walter Stanhope. "Notes upon some remarkable Waterspouts seen in Bengal between the years 1852 and 1860." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal, 29 (1860): 366-375, at 368-372.]

1859 Oct 12 / Amiens / Aurora / CR 49/549. [II; 2385. Decharmes, C. "Aurore boréale observée à Amiens le 12 octobre." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 549-550. ]

[1859 Oct 12 /] 1859 Sept 12 / Sainte-Ame (Vosges) / Aurora / C.R. 49/584 / at Yzeure (Allier)—585, 603 / See 943. [II; 2373. Laurent, P. "Aurore boréale du 12 octobre observée à Saint-Amé (Vosges)." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 584-585. Laussédat. "Aurore boréale observée à Yzeure (Allier) le 12 octobre." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 585-587. Fournet. "Aurore boréale du 12 octobre." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 603. Poey, Andrés. "Parallèle entre les caractères  observés en Europe et à la Havane dans les aurores boréales du 28 au 29 août et du 2 septembre derniers." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 943-946.]

1859 Oct 12 / (Aurora) / Aurora, Nantes, ab 7 p.m., and at Montins. / In Vosges, at 8 p.m., like vast conflagration from S.W. to N.E. 6 or seven white stripes radiating from a pont below the horizon. Ab 8:15, luminous masses. One bet tail of Ursa Major and head of Dragon—other around Corona Borealis and at times as far as Lyra. Moon had a strong halo. Other dets. / L.T., Nov. 4-4-f. [II; 2386. "Another Aurora Borealis." London Times, November 4, 1859, p. 4 c. 6.]

1859 Oct. 12 / in B.D. / 7:20 to 8:15 / Solva, Pembrokeshire / Brilliant red light with oblong nucleus rising in sky south by east toward zenith. But stars shone through it. Rays from it. / L.T., Oct 15-11-c. Oct, 19, someone from Hastingdon saw it—notes absence of light in north, so thinks not aurora. Thought glow from a foundry—but visited the foundry and found it closed. [II; 2387.1, 2387.2. The note copies information from page 262 of The Book of the Damned. Knight, Charles P. "To the Editor of the Times." London Times, October 15, 1859, p. 11 c. 3. (London Times, October 19+, 1859. Not found. Fix.)]

1859 Oct. 19 / 6:20 p.m. / San Francisco / violent shock / 1:20 a.m., 20th, another violent shock, S. F. Ev. Bulletin, 20th. [II; 2388. (San Francisco Daily Evening Bulletin, October 20, 1859; on microfilm; @ GeneaologyBank.com.)]

1859 Oct 19 and 23 / Magnetic perturbations / Namur, Belgium / Bull de l'Acad de Belgique 2/8/157. [II; 2389. "Perturbations atmosphériques." Bulletins de l'Académie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique, s. 2 v. 8 (1859): 352-353. The atmospheric perturbations reviewed in this article are barometric, (not magnetic).]

1859 Oct 21 / Lightning and mets / 5:45 p.m. / Diss, Norfolk / large meteor / between 9 and 10 p.m., much lightning / LT, Oct 25.-12-f. [II; 2390. "To the Editor of the Times." London Times, October 25, 1859, p. 12 c. 6. A daylight fireball was observed at 5:45 P.M., on the 21st,  as well as lightning, that night between 9 and 10 P.M.; and, on the next night, the 22nd, many shooting stars were observed.]

1859 Oct 21 / Shock Cornwall / See Jan 13, 1860. Times, Nov. 1-10-a. [II; 2391. "Earthquake in Cornwall." London Times, November 1, 1859 p. 10 c. 1. "A shock of an earthquake was felt at Newquay on the 21st inst., about 7.10." See: 1860 Jan. 13, (II; 2411).]

1859 Oct 22 / If many mets, evidently some not falling. / Diss Norfolk / vivid lightning in the east and many mets / Same cor as Oct 21. [II; 2392. "To the Editor of the Times." London Times, October 25, 1859, p. 12 c. 6.]

1859 Oct 21 / Lightning at 7 p.m. on q. / at 10 p.m. more vivid lightning in E— / Nottingham / E. J. Lowe / LT, Oct 25-12-f. [II; 2393. Lowe, Edward Joseph. "Great Cold." London Times, October 25, 1859, p. 12 c. 6. Lowe observed lightning at 7 P.M., to the west of Beeston, where the earthquake struck Cornwall about ten minutes later.]

1859 Oct 22 / 3 p.m. / Flash of lightning and thunder in a snowstorm / Macclesfield / L.T., Oct 25-12-f. [II; 2394. "To the Editor of the Times." London Times, October 25, 1859, p. 12 c. 6. "In the evening, the sky being clear and the thermometer below the freezing point, lightning was observed similar to that seen on summer evenings."]

1859 Oct 23 / 7:45 p.m. / Large meteor on a night clear but with occasional flashes of lightning / L.T., Oct 27/11/b / This the year of Oct 23-24? [II; 2395. "Meteors." London Times, October 27, 1859, p. 11 c. 2.]

1859 Oct 25 / 7:15 p.m. at Holyhead—and ab. 7:30 p.m. (Irish time?) at Ballinaman, 13 miles west of Athlone, in Ireland. At Holyhead, it was immediately followed by rain in a deluge. / BA 61. [II; 2396. Glaisher, James, and, John Hall Gladstone, Robert Philips Greg, Edward Joseph Lowe. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1860-61." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1861, 1-44, at 2-3 & 28-29.]

1859 Nov 1 / [LT], 7-a / Sun spots. [II; 2397. "To the Editor of the Times." London Times, November 1, 1859, p. 7 c. 1.]

1859 Nov 12 / [LT], 10-a / Aerolites. [II; 2398. (London Times, November 12, 1859, p. 10 c. 1; not here.)]

1859 Nov. 15 / 9:30 a.m. / N.J. / N.Y. / Meteor / A. J. Sci 2/30/186. [II; 2399. Newton, Hubert Anson. "On the Meteor of November 15th, 1859." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 30 (1860): 186-193.]

1859 Nov. 15 / 9:30 a.m. / Mass. to Va. / great meteor / At one place, Dennisville, left behind a column of smoke estimated 1000 feet in diameter. BA 60-12. [II; 2400. Greg, 96-97. Marsh, Benjamin Vail. "Collection of Observations on the Day-light Meteor of Nov. 15, 1859...." Journal of the Franklin Institute, s. 3 v. 57 (1869): 205-210, 253-259. "The column of smoke was near 1000 feet in diameter, and its base was vertical about 4 miles north of Dennisville, at a height of near 8 miles, which may be assumed to be the approximate position of one point in the meteor's path."]

1859 Nov 15 / (=) / 9:30 a.m., det. met., New England to Va—not seen in the region where report was loudest (good). / J. F. Inst 69/205, 253. A. J. Sci 2/29/137, 298. [II; 2401. Marsh, Benjamin Vail. "Collection of Observations on the Day-light Meteor of Nov. 15, 1859...." Journal of the Franklin Institute, s. 3 v. 57 (1869): 205-210, 253-259. Loomis, Elias. "Notice of the Meteor of Nov. 15, 1859." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 29 (1860): 137-138. Loomis, Elias. "Notice of the Meteor of Nov. 15, 1859." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 29 (1860): 298-300.]

1859 Nov 18-26 / A luminous fog at Geneva / La Sci Pour Tous 5-46. [II; 2402. "Météorologie.—Sur un Brouilliard Lumineux." La Science Pour Tous, 5 (no. 6; January 12, 1860): 46-47.]

1859 Nov 18-26 / luminous fog / C.R. 49/1011. [II; 2403. Wartmann, Louis François. "Notice sur un brouillard lumineux observé à Geneve du 18 au 26 novembre 1859." au Chili." Comptes Rendus, 49 (1859): 1011-1013.]

1859 Nov. 28 / Bohemia / met det / BA 60. [II; 2404. Greg, 96.]

1859 Dec 15 / bet 2 and 3 a.m. / Yorkshire q and rattling sound / L.T., Dec 27-10-e. [II; 2405. "Shock of an Earthquake Felt in Yorkshire." London Times, December 27, 1859, p. 10 c. 5.]

1859 Dec 15 / [LT], 6-e / Piracy extraordinary. [A; 403. "Extraordinary Case of Piracy." London Times, December 15, 1859, p. 6 c. 5. While on a second trip back from another ship, in a small boat, with some supplies, the captain and four men saw their schooner sail off and abandon them. The U.S. schooner William was en route from Savannah to Smyrna, with two female passengers, bales of silk, and $27,000 in Spanish doubloons, on the Atlantic; and, Captain George Walker pursued his ship for four hours, until darkness, and believed his first mate had decided to steal the ship and money.]

1859 Dec 20 / [LT], 10-b / Ghst / Maidstone. [A; 404. "A Ghost Story." London Times, December 20, 1859, p. 10 c. 2. Mysterious door bell ringing and violently shaken doors, which had plagued a household for three weeks to a month, were investigated by the police. A servant girl was charged by a police sergeant for perpetrating these tricks, (supposedly to throw suspicion onto robbers, rather than her visitors); yet, these disturbances had continued for some time "when a policeman was almost constantly in the house," (which makes her "confession" to such deceptions in a guarded house even more "remarkable."]

1859 Dec 21 / Colored snow / brown—some places black / Germany / Tissandier / Les Poussières de l'Air, p. 77 / Westphalia. [II; 2406. Tissandier, Gaston. Les Poussières de l'Air. Paris: Gauthier-Villars, 1877, 77-78.]

1859 Dec 21-29 / Col snow, diff places, Germany / La Nat 8-103. [II; 2407. Tissandier, Gaston. "Les Pluies de Poussière." La Nature, 1877 pt. 1 (no. 189, January 13): 102-106, and, (no. 190, January 20): 115-118, at 103. The colored snows fell from December 21 to 28, (with a newspaper report of one that fell on December 21, published on December 29).]

1860:

1860 // about /// Soldiers / 210+. [II; 2408. Crowe, Catherine. The Night Side of Nature. New York: J.S. Redfield, 1850, 417. "In October, 1836, on the very same spot, there was a review of twenty thousand men; and the people then concluded that the former vision was a second-sight." Date is obviously in error, as the vision preceded 1836, as well as Crowe's book.]

1860 // frogs / "early sixties— / Briton Ferry, Glamorganshire / E Mechanic 94/118. /// C 55. [II; 2409. Green., E. Llewellyn. "Showers of Frogs." English Mechanic, 94 (no. 2423; September 1, 1911): 118.]

1860 / The body at Blandford Churchyard, Peterburg, Va. / See Oct. 27, 1888. [A; 405. See: (1888 Oct. 27).]

1860 / Dymoch Hall, Derbyshire / strange murders / not said this year / See March 15, 1901. [A; 406. See: (1901 March 15).]

1860 / Sleeper Susan C. Godsey, near Hickman, Ky. / See July 14, 1869. [A; 407.  See: 1869 July 14, (A; 547).]

[1860 Jan 1. Wrong date. See: 1869 Jan 1, (II; 2410).]

1860 Jan. 13 / q / Falmouth / Cornwall / Daily News, Jan. 18 / (Like Oct. 21, '59) / See Timbs-1861-257. Better in Morn Post, 19th / 10:30 p.m. / all west Cornwall / Times-20 / Sound like of thunder. [II; 2411. "Earthquake in Cornwall." London Daily News, January 18, 1860, p. 6 c. 6. "Shock of an Earthquake." London Morning Post, January 19, 1860, p. 3 c. 6. Tennant, George, and others. "To the Editor of the Times." London Times, January 20, 1860, p. 10 c. 5. "Earthquake in Cornwall." Timbs'  Year-Book of Facts in Science and Art, 1861, 257.]

1860 Jan 14 / Ice / Blakiston / D-177. ** [II; 2412. The note copies information from page 177 of The Book of the Damned. "Extract of a Letter from Captain Blakiston...." Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 10 (1859-1860): 468.]

1860 Jan. 17 / about 11:45 a.m. / Reading / 3 letters in Times of Jan 20—explosion overhead. [II; 2413. Tennant, George, and others. "To the Editor of the Times." London Times, January 20, 1860, p. 10 c. 5. "Yesterday morning—viz., Tuesday, about half-past 11, a sound resembling the discharge of a gun high up in the air, the sky being perfectly cloudless, was heard by a number of persons in this neighbourhood."]

1860 Jan 17 / 3 cors. in Times of 20th write as to sound "resembling the discharge of a gun high in air" according to [word out off paper] aerial sound according to all, heard near Reading. 24th, Cor writes heard it and his impression at "an immense height". Ab 11:45 a.m. [II; 2414. Tennant, George, and others. "To the Editor of the Times." London Times, January 20, 1860, p. 10 c. 5. Taylor, Robert. "Meteorological Phenomena." London Times, January 24, 1860, p. 11 c. 6. "The whole sky was perfectly clear at the time. The sound came as from a dull explosion high in the air, in a direction south-south-east, followed by a thunder of about 15 seconds' duration. A remarkable circumstance about the sound was the idea it gave of immense height—the thunder seeming continually to descend, not to spread laterally as in ordinary cases." These correspondents ranged as far apart as Reading and Northumberland.]

1860 Jan 18 / Guatemala / II / [medium] / q / BA '11. [II; 2415. Milne, 715.]

1860 Jan 20 / (Det Met) / ab. 5:45 a.m. / Plombieres / loud detonation supposed of a meteor, preceded by a vivid light / C.R. 50-322 / Light illumined the horizon (like so many q-lights). Detonation was tremendous. [II; 2416. Jutier, Sylvain-Charles-Prosper. "Détonation précedée d'une vive lumiere indiquant probablement le passage d'un bolide." Comptes Rendus, 50 (1860): 322-323.]

1860 Jan 20 / Meteor / Plombières / Cosmos 16/592. [II; 2417. "Académie des Sciences." Cosmos, 16 (February 10, 1860): 155-163, at 155.]

1860 Jan 20 / 5 a.m. / Cassel, etc. / intense sudden light / BA 60-106. [II; 2418. Greg, 107.]

1860 Jan. 29 / V. / London / ab. 8 a.m. / "perfectly round black object," of apparent size of (Vulcan), passing over disc of sun until egress at ab. 9:30 / by F. A. R. Russell and 3 other persons, ac to Mr. Russell,in Nature 15/505 / D-192. [II; 2419. The note copies information from page 192 of The Book of the Damned. Russell, F.A.R. "An Intra-Mercurial Planet." Nature, 14 (October 5, 1876): 505. Russell stated that the object was about the size of "Mercury," (not Vulcan).]

1860 Feb 3 / See Feb 16, 1883. / Alessandria, Piedmont, Italy / (F). Details / LA Science Pour Tous 8-154. [II; 2420. Fletcher, 102. This is the Alessandria meteorite. "Aérolithe." La Science Pour Tous, 8 (no. 20; April 16, 1863): 154. Schrauf, Albrecht. "Ueber den Meteorit von Alessandria." Annalen der Physik und Chemie, s. 2 v. 118 (1863): 361-363.]

1860 Feb 3 / Stone fell / Alexandrie, Italy / L. S. P. Tous 8-154. [II; 2321. "Aérolithe." La Science Pour Tous, 8 (no. 20; April 16, 1863): 154.]

1860 Feb. 6 / morning / q and th. storm / Athens / The Geologist 4-145. [II; 2322. "Foreign Correspondence." Geologist, 4 (1861): 142-145, at 145, c.v. "Earthquakes and their connection with Meteorological Phenomena."]

1860 March / Remarkable disturbances in North Temperate Belt of Jupiter. Observatory 23-215. [II; 2323. Denning, William Frederick. "Periodically Recurrent Disturbances in the North Temperate Belt of Jupiter." Observatory, 23 (1900): 215-216.]

1860 March 1-2 / New Star / at Moscow / A star to s.w. of the Great Bear increased in size and turned red. / Wolverhampton Chronicle, Ap. 18, p. 3, col. 5. At 9:45, night of 1st, remained so till 11:30, reaching half size of moon. Then waned and in 1/2 hour disappeared. A dark spot could be seen in its place. [II; 2424. "At Moscow, at a quarter to ten o'clock in the night...." Wolverhampton Chronicle and Staffordshire Advertiser, April 18, 1860 p. 3 c. 5.]

1860 March 10 / 9 p.m. / Bradford / Cheshire / Leeds / etc. / Meteor / BA 61-2. [II; 2425. Glaisher, James, and, John Hall Gladstone, Robert Philips Greg, Edward Joseph Lowe. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1860-61." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1861, 1-44, at 2-3.]

1860 March 10 / 9:50 p.m. / Bradford / met 2/3rds size moon / BA-'60. [II; 2426. Greg, 96.]

1860 March 15 / Sound and ice / Ice of Upper Wasdale, night of, in a "terrible snowstorm"—"a singular rolling noise in the air, which resembled the noise of musketry." In morning the ice found. / LT, Ap. 7-7-e / ice found morning of 16th/ (D-177). [II; 2427. The note copies information from page 177 of The Book of the Damned. "Singular Phenomenon in a Snowstorm." London Times, April 7, 1860. p. 7 c. 5. "About two weeks ago a terrible snowstorm raged in Upper Wasdale, accompanied on Longton Beck and Swinhope Fell by a singular rolling noise in the air, which resembled the noise of musketry. On the morning of the 16th ult. many of the shepherds proceeded on to the Fell to look after their sheep, when they were astonished to find the ground, for the space of a mile in length and half a mile in width, covered with large pieces of ice, which had evidently fallen from the clouds. It was as though a mountain of ice had been suddenly shattered and the fragments scattered over the earth. The blocks were of such a size that at a little distance they resembled a flock of sheep."]

1860 March 19 / 8:30 p.m. / Volc of Isle of Reunion / C.R. 50-899 / great but lasted 1 hour. [II; 2428. "Éruption du volcan de l'île de la Réunion." Comptes Rendus, 50 (1860): 899-901. The Piton de la Fournaise volcano.]

1860 / ab. March // Dark spot on Jupiter / M. Notices 20/244 / 59/76. [II; 2429. "On the Appearance of Jupiter." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 22 (April 13, 1860): 243, (illustrations). Airy, George Biddell. "Remarks on the Appearance of Jupiter." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 22 (April 13, 1860): 243-245. Denning, William Frederick. "On a probable Instance of periodically recurrent Disturbance on the Surface of Jupiter." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 59 (December 9, 1898): 76-79.]

1860 March 24-25 / night / Luminous band ap and disap regularly / called Aurora / at Havana / La Sci Pour Tous 5/221. C.R. 50-998 / 11 p.m. to 4 a.m. [II; 2430. "Météorologie.—Aurore boréale-orientale observée à la Havane." La Science Pour Tous, 5 (no. 27; June 7, 1860): 221. Poey, Andrés. "Aurore boréale-orientale observée à la Havane dans la nuit du 24 au 25 mars 1860." Comptes Rendus, 50 (1860): 998-1000.]

1860 March 28 / Khiragurh, N. W. Provinces, India / (F) / S.E. of Bhurthur. [II; 2431. Fletcher, 102. This is the Khiragurh meteorite.]

1860 March 28 / (See 1859.) / Aerolite. [II; 2432. See: 1859 March 28, (II; 2281).]

1860 April 1 / Met from Auriga to Venus, which it crossed and instantly disappeared. B Assoc 1860-6. [II; 2433. Glaisher, James, and, John Hall Gladstone, Robert Philips Greg, Edward Joseph Lowe. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1859-60." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1860, 1-27, at 6-7.]

1860 April / Vesuvius still active / Y.B. '61-255. [II; 2434. "Eruption of Vesuvius." Timbs'  Year-Book of Facts in Science and Art, 1861, 255. "Our Weekly Gossip." Athenæum, 1860 (no. 1692; March 31): 444-445, at 445. "Our Weekly Gossip." Athenæum, 1860 (no. 1694; April 14): 511-512, at 511. "Our Weekly Gossip." Athenæum, 1860 (no. 1698; May 12): 651-652, at 652.]

1860 Ap. 11 / Dark or eclipse / Pernambuco / D-230. [II; 2435. The note copies information from page 230 of The Book of the Damned.  Liais, Emmanuel. "Sur un phénomène météorolgique et une offuscation du soleil analogue à celle des années 1106, 1208, 1547 et 1706, observés dans la province de Pernambuco, le 11 avril 1860." Comptes Rendus, 50 (1860): 1197-1200.]

1860 Ap. 11 / Light to E of sun, said been Venus. / C.R. 50/1198+ / But Venus was not visible to naked eye (p 1199) and, as writer says, if obscured sun, Venus instead of more visible should less visible. Venus Inf Conjunction Sun / July 18, 1860. [II; 2436. Between the Sun and the eastern horizon, at this time at Rio Formoso, Brazil, the brightest stars would have been Hamal, (α Arietis), Menkar (α Ceti), and Aldebaran (α Tauri), all of which were not as brilliant as Venus, with an apparent magnitude of about -4.1 and elongation of +43°. Liais, Emmanuel. "Sur un phénomène météorolgique et une offuscation du soleil analogue à celle des années 1106, 1208, 1547 et 1706, observés dans la province de Pernambuco, le 11 avril 1860." Comptes Rendus, 50 (1860): 1197-1200.]

1860 Ap 11 / Sun obscured, province of Pernambuco. / That night at another place in P. / But Venus visible. Thick vapors and a burning wind. / C.R. 50-1198. [II; 2437. Liais, Emmanuel. "Sur un phénomène météorolgique et une offuscation du soleil analogue à celle des années 1106, 1208, 1547 et 1706, observés dans la province de Pernambuco, le 11 avril 1860." Comptes Rendus, 50 (1860): 1197-1200.]

[1860 Ap. 21. Wrong date. See: 1860 May 1, (I; 2438).]

1860 Ap. 26 / 11:45 a.m. / Shock at Sylhet (near Calcutta) / Indian Field, May 12, p. 89. [II; 2439. (Indian Field, May 12, p. 89; on microfilm).]

1860 Ap. 27 / Shock at Surat / Indian Field, May 19, 1860. [II; 2440. (Indian Field, May 19, 1860; on microfilm).]

1860 Ap. 27 / Great q / Peru / Cosmos 16/592. [II; 2441. "Nouvelles de la Semaine." Cosmos, 16 (June 8, 1860): 589-593, at 592.]

1860 May 1 / Met explosion. Fall of stones over Guernsey Co, Oh[io]. So violent heard [ov]er area 150 miles in diameter. Am J Sci 2/31/89 / (F). [II; 2442. Fletcher, 102. This is the New Concord meteorite. Greg, 96. Smith, John Lawrence. "The Guernsey County (Ohio) Meteorites...." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 31 (1861): 87- 98. No mention, here, regarding "150 miles in diameter." Fix.]

[1860 May 1 /] 1860 Ap. 21 / New Concord, Ohio / metite / Sc Am, NS, 2-235. [II; 2438. Siegfried, W.D. "A Meteoric Mystery." Scientific American, n.s, 2 (May 19, 1860): 325. The New Concord meteorite.]

1860 May 1 / 12:45 p.m. / Metite, New Concord, Ohio. Detonations heard S.E. Ohio and N.W. Virginia. [II; 2443. Farrington, Oliver Cummings. "Catalogue of the Meteorites of North America, to January 1, 1909. Memoirs of the National Academy of Science, 13 (1915): 1-513, at 329-342.]

1860 May 6 / 9 p.m. / Wolverhampton / "A most brilliant meteor." / W. Chronicle, May 9. [II; 2444. "Appearance of a Meteor." Wolverhampton Chronicle and Staffordshire Advertiser, May 9, 1860, p. 4 c. 5.]

1860 May 7 / Violent eruption, volc Rotlugia, Iceland / La Sci Pour Tous-5-295. [II; 2445. "Éruption du Volcan Rotlugia en Islande." La Science Pour Tous, 5 (no. 37; August 16, 1860): 295-296. The Katla volcano.]

1860 May 8 / A Vulcan. N.Y. Times, July 6, 1873. [II; 2446. "The Planet Vulcan." New York Times, July 6, 1873, p. 6 c. 5. "The first observation was made May 8, 1860, at noon, while taking the the time with a Dent's dipleidescope, with telescope attached. The planet or object appeared like a minute and well-defined black spot on the surface of the sun. As the instrument was fixed and had a range of only 9', it could not be observed for a longer time."A dipleidescope is a device utilizing two reflections of the Sun, which, when the images overlap, can help determines the local noon time.]

1860 May 8 / "Vulcan" / NY State // New. [II; 2447.]

1860 May and June / Dhumsalla / Comb. / 128. [II; 2448.]

1860 May 8-27 / Eruption of Katla, Iceland / Rept. Smith. Inst 1885/510. [II; 2449. "Volcanic Eruptions and Earthquakes in Iceland within Historic Times." Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian, 1885, 495-541, at 510. The Katla volcano.]

1860 May 9 / Eruption / Iceland / C.R. 41-69 / B As. '60/86. [II; 2450. Pjetursson. "Sur une nouvelle éruption d'un volcan islaidais." Comptes Rendus, 51 (1860): 67-68. Lindsay, William Lauder. "On the Eruption in May 1860, of the Kötlŭgjá Volcano in Iceland." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1860, Notices and Abstracts, 86-87. The Katla volcano.]

1860 May 12 / Flames of eruption of volc Kotlugja, Iceland this day visible at Reykjavic, 80 miles away / BA 1860-86. [II; 2451. Lindsay, William Lauder. "On the Eruption in May 1860, of the Kötlŭgjá Volcano in Iceland." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1860, Notices and Abstracts, 86-87. Pabst notes: "See note at April 20, 1872, per TT, The Fortean, #32, p. 78, c. 1." See: 1872 Ap. 20, (IV; 771.2). " Kötlŭgjá" is anothe name for the Katla volcano, and "Reykjavic" is another name for Reykjavík.]

1860 May 16 / Turkey / q. / I / [smal] / BA '11. [II; 2452. Milne, 715.]

1860 May 19 / (bld) / Indian Field of / That ac to the North West Gazette of the 12th, "a shower of blood" had fallen in the Jellasore district, over an expanse of about 50 beegahs. [II; 2453. (Indian Field, May 19, 1860; on microfilm.) (North West Gazette, May 12, 1860).]

1860 // bld / Allens Indian Mail, Aug 27—that the blood fell at Futteghur. [II; 2454. (Allens Indian Mail, August 27, 1860).]

1860 May 21 / Nova / by Auwers / New star of 7th mag in the cluster 80 Messier in Scorpio. On the 28th in England, by Pogson. By June 16, diminished to 10.5 mag. / Observatory 9-172. [II; 2455. "The New Star in the Nebula in Andromeda." Observatory, 9 (1886): 172.]

1860 May 21 / Scorpio nova described by Auwers / by Pogson, May 28 / Observatory, 9-172. [II; 2456.  

 "The New Star in the Nebula in Andromeda." Observatory, 9 (1886): 172.]

1860 May 21 / before // See Times. / great th. storms / Yorkshire. [II; 2457. "Thunderstorms." London Times, May 19, 1860, p. 12 c. 1.]

1860 May 21 / Nova Scorpii / in a nebula in S Nova / by Auwers / almost 7th mag / by June 10th, down to almost vanishing point. Nature 33-466. [II; 2458. "Nova Andromedæ of 1885, and Nova Scorpii of 1860." Nature, 33 (March 18, 1886): 466.]

1860 May 22 / 10:27 p.m. / Met / Paris / C,R, 50-997. [II; 2459. Laussedat, A. "Bolide observé à Paris dans la soirée du 22 mai 1860." Comptes Rendus, 50 (1860): 997-998, (illustration).]

1860 May 27 or 30 / q. / Italy / BA '11. [II; 2460. Milne, 715.]

1860 June / Nothing in Wolverhampton Chronicle, Ap 18-June 13. [II; 2461. Fort apparently searched for reports of the fall of black stones at Wolverhampton during a thunderstorm, but before the correct date. See: 1860 June 19, (II; 2475).]

1860 June / Wolverhampton / nothing in Birm. D. Post, May-June. [II; 2462. See: 1860 June 19, (II; 2475).]

1860 June / Birm / See Aug 13. [II; 2463. See: 1860 Aug 13, (III; 30).]

1860 June / See '58. / pebbles in storm / Wolverhampton / D-168 / N. /// Proc. Roy. / A paper. [II; 2464. The note copies information from page 168 of The Book of the Damned. "Phénomène Météorologique." La Science Pour Tous, 5 (no. 33; July 19, 1860): 264. ("A Shower of Stones." Wolverhampton Advertiser and Spirit of the Times, June 23, 1860, p. 582 c. 2.) (Proc. Roy,???).]

1860 June 2-12 / (F[r]) / q / Nice / C.R. 50 / 596, 899, 901 / 51 / 67 / 52 / 252 / 53 / 638 / 54 / 511, 1198. [II; 2465. Prost, O. "Sur les trépidations du sol dans une partie de la ville de Nice." Comptes Rendus, 50 (1860): 596-598. Prost, O. "Sur quelques nouvelles secousses de tremblement de terre ressenties à Nice." Comptes Rendus, 50 (1860): 901. Prost, O. "Nouvelles secousses de tremblement de terre à Nice." Comptes Rendus, 51 (1860): 67. Prost, O. "Trépidations du sol observées à Nice dans le deuxième semestre de 1860." Comptes Rendus, 52 (1861): 252-253. Prost, O. "Trépidations du sol à Nice." Comptes Rendus, 53 (1861): 638-640. Prost, O. "Trépidations du sol à Nice pendant l'éruption du Vésuve." Comptes Rendus, 54 (1862): 511-512. Prost, O. "Trépidations du sol à Nice." Comptes Rendus, 54 (1862): 1198.]

1860 June 3 / afternoon / Comanche, Iowa / Tornado / Finley's Rept. [II; 2466. Finley, 4.]

1860 June 3 / evening / Kansas and Iowa / Tornado / Finley's Rept. [II; 2467. Finley, 4.]

1860 June 7 / Asia Minor / q / I / [Small] / BA '11. [II; 2468. Milne, 715.]

1860 June 8 or 9 / (th stone) / Raphoe, Donegal, Ireland / Sandstone in hailstorm / Phil Mag 4/22/107. /// A 15 [stamped]. [II; 2469. Greg, Rupert Philips. "On New Falls of Meteoric Stones." London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, s. 4 v. 22 (August, 1859): 107-108. "Another meteoric stone in all probablity fell last year on the 8th or 9th of June, about two miles from Raphoe in Co, Donegal, Ireland, on the farm of Dr. McClintock of Raphoe, about 2 P.M. It was about the size of a hen's egg, and fell during a storm of thunder, lightning, and hail. It resembled a friable sandstone; but it does not appear there was either any black crust to it, or that there was any fire-ball seen at the time."]

1860 June 8 or 9 / Th stone / Ac to Londonderry Sentinel of Jun 15, 1860 / (Year Book of Facts 1862-139) / During a th storm at Raphoe, Donegal. Stone like friable sandstone. [II; 2470. "New Falls of Meteoric Stones." Timbs'  Year-Book of Facts in Science and Art, 1862, 138-139. "Curious Phenomenon." Londonderry Sentinel, June 15, 1860, p. 2 c. 6. "Curious Phenomenon." Saunders's News-Letter, June 16, 1860, p. 3 c. 3.]

1860 June 16 / Aerolite same date / See June 16, 1861. [II; 2471. The Kusiali meteorite fell on June 16, 1860, according to Thomas Oldham. Maskelyne, Nevil Story, and, Lang, Viktor von. "Mineralogical Notes." London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, s. 4 v. 28 (January & June, 1864): 145-150, at 148-149. "The fall took place a few minutes before 5 o'clock A.M., on the 16th of June 1860."]

[1860 June 16 /] 1861 June 16 / (not It) / Aerolite same date / June 16, 1860. [III; 111. See: 1860 June 16, (II; 2471).]

1860 June 16 / Kusiali, N. W. Provs., India / (F). [II; 2472. Fletcher, 102. This is the Kusiali meteorite.]

1860 June 16 / Kusiali, India / 5 a.m. / Fall of stones / BA 67-418. Also here listed stonefall at Kusiali, for Jan 16. Mistake? [II; 2473. Glaisher, James, and, Robert Philips Greg, Edward William Brayley, Alexander Stewart Herschel, Charles Brooke. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1866-67." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1867, 288-430, at 418. Kusiali is listed for both January 16 and June 16, in this catalog. See: 1860 June 16, (II; 2471).]

1860 June 18 / Amesbury, Mass / and Prospect, N.Y. / sulphur or pollen / Sc Am 2/3/46, 97. [II; 2474. "Notes and Queries." Scientific American, n.s., 3 (August 11, 1860): 45-46, at 46, c.v. "T.F.C., of Mass." "Sulphur in Rain." Scientific American, n.s., 3 (August 11, 1860): 97.]

1860 June 19 / La Sci Pour Tous, June 19, 1860 / That ac to Wolverhampton Advertiser, a great quantity of little black stones had fallen in a violent storm at Wolverhampton. [II; 2475. "Phénomène Météorologique." La Science Pour Tous, 5 (no. 33; July 19, 1860): 264. "A Shower of Stones." Wolverhampton Advertiser and Spirit of the Times, June 23, 1860, p. 582 c. 2.]

.

1860 June 19 / B. stones / Wolverhampton / There is no La Sci Pour Tous of June 19. Nearest is 21st. [II; 2476. "Phénomène Météorologique." La Science Pour Tous, 5 (no. 33; July 19, 1860): 264.]

1860 June 20 / Comet seen on Atlantic. / ab. 51 N and 21 W. / ab. 11 p.m., ships time, 7 or 8 degrees above horizon / nucleus and tail distinctly visible / L.T. 27-10-f. Night of 24-25, 10:45 p.m., as seen at Wareham nucleus almost as brilliant as B. Aurigae / appeared to be a little above a line drawn through A and B Aurigae; west of B rather more than the distance between A and B. [II; 2477.1, 2477.2. Caswell, Alexis. "The Comet." London Times,  June 27, 1860, p. 10 c. 6. Richards, R.E. "To the Editor of the Times." London Times, June 27, 1860, p. 10 c. 6. Comet C/1860 M1.]  

1860 June 21 / 10:15—comet seen in Cornwall / 1 degree west of north [magnetic] / ab 20 degrees above horizon, at 2 a.m./ very brilliant in northeast. altitude about 45 degrees / Times, 25-10-f. June 23, 11:30 p.m., seen through break in clouds, at Shrewsbury / Times—26-12-f. / At midnight it was ab. 4 degrees above horizon and ab. 4 degrees west of north. [II; 2477.3, 2477.4. Also, as 2477.a.1 and 2477.a.2. "A New Comet." London Times, June 25, 1860, p. 10 c. 6. Mansel, S.P. "To the Editor of the Times." London Times, June 26, 1860, p. 12 c. 6.]

[Pabst's Notes in Pursuit finish here, with |"1860 June 21."]

1860 June 25 / 6 p.m. / Cor. J. M. Hawksworth writes in L.T. 27-10-f, from Barnsbury that he saw the comet while sun shining—N.W. by W., ab. 15 degrees N of the sun. / Times 28-7-a, Thomas Crumpten writes that Mr. H. must have seen Venus—the comet not visible to N eye before sunset. [II; 2477.5, 2477.6. Also, as 2477.b.1 and 2477.b.2. Crumpen, Thomas. "The New Comet." London Times, June 28,  1860, p. 7 c. 1. (Venus was about -4.4 magnitude, and about RA 8h27m and +18° 36', which is roughly the position described by Hawksworth. Jupiter and Mercury a bit closer to the Sun, but not as brilliant as Venus, (Jupiter, -1.8 magnitude, and, Mercury, 0.46 magnitude), and less likely to be seen before sunset.) Confirm, from Barnsbury coordinates and time. Fix.]

[1860 June 30. This is how in Eng[land] the comet path supposed to be. [illustration sketched on reverse side of the note, copied in The Fortean, p. 110]. {Copied from MNRAS, Obs, etc. Find original illustration. Not in MNRAS. Fix.]

1860 June 21-24 / q / Cent. Amer / II / [Medium] / BA '11. [II; 2478. Milne, 715.]

1860 June 21 / Dragonflies near Ghent. Migration SW to N.E. against wind. / Ent Mo. Mag 2/11/223. [II; 2479. "Abstract of an Article by Mons. A. Lancaster on Migrations of Libellula Quadrimaculata in Belgium in June, 1900." Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 36 (s. 2 v. 11; October 1900): 222-226, at 223.]

1860 June 25 / about // (Auriga) / Comet visible a few night in A / An. Reg 1860/124. [II; 2480. "Chronicle." Annual Register, 102 (1860): pt. 2, 1-209, at 124, cv. "A Comet."]

1860 June 24 / (Fish / India) / Sky bright and clear, and a strong wind blowing. Shower of fish in district of Bonda. Some were sent to Allahabad. "They were about two inches in length, resembling the stickleback, but without the prongs in the dorsal fin. / Allen's Indian Mail, Aug 22. [II; 2481. "Shower of Fish." Allen's Indian Mail, 18 (August 22, 1860) 620. "The North-West Gazette relates a fall on the 24th of June, when the sky was bright and clear and a strong wind blowing, of a shower of fish to the south-west across the Jumna, in the district of Bonda. Six seers of them were picked up in one place, and a portion of them sent to Allahabad. They were about two inches in length, resembling the stickleback, but without the prongs in the dorsal fin."]

1860 June 29 / Comet seen at Brudeen, India / Indian Field, July 7. [II; 2482. (Indian Field, July 7, 1860).]

1860 June 26-29 / Rapidly changing sunspots / La Sci Pour Tous 5-248. [II; 2483. "Taches du Soleil." La Science Pour Tous, 5 (no. 31; July 3, 1860): 248, (misprinted in the journal as "348").]

1860 June 26 / afternoon / at Clifton / Mock suns / L.T. 28-7-a. [II; 2484. Burder, William C. "Remarkable Solar Phenomenon." London Times, June 28, 1860, p. 7 c. 1. Mocks suns were observed either "this afternoon," (on June 26), or, on "Monday, June 25"; the published letter gives both dates.]

1860 June 28 / Comet first seen at Darjeeling. / "Homeward Mail," Aug 27 / At 8:30 p.m., and set 8:40 behind distant mts at N.N.W. No tail then visible. To N. eye, larger than Jupiter and almost as bright. In the northwest. [II; 2485. "The Comet." Homeward Mail, August 27, 1860, p. 5 c. 2. "It then had a tail 2½ degrees in length visible to the naked eye."]

1860 June 29 / Lake Winnipeg / evening / Met trail 3/4 hour / Science 1/5. [II; 2486. Belknap, George Eugene. "A Singular Meteoric Phenomenon." Science: An Illustrated Journal, 1 (February 9, 1883): 4-6, at 5-6.]

1860 June 29 / Vampirism upon child (?) / An. Reg. 1860/93. [A; 408. "Chronicle." Annual Register, 102 (1860): pt. 2, 1-209, at 93-106, cv. "The Road Child Murder."]

1860 // summer /// First appearance in America of cabbage butterfly Pieris rapae—near Quebec, Canada. Science 21/57. [II; 2487. Webster, F.M. "Some Insect Immigrants in Ohio." Science, n.s., 21 (1893): 57-59, at 57.]

1860 July / India / Dhurmsalla series. [A; 409.]

1860 July / Shower of live fish at Benares, India, unaccompanied by rain. Carribber, "Odd Showers," p. 13. [II; 2488. Gibb, George Duncan. Odd Showers. London: Kerby, 1870, 13.]

1860 July 3 / Snake / South Granville, N.Y. ** [II; 2489.]

1860 July 4, 5, 10 / Exceptional numbers of meteors noted near Santander, Spain / BA 61. [II; 2490. (BA 61).]

1860 // summer /// Vulcan / naked eye / As well as Cor. Richard Covington, of Washington, could remember, 16 years later. / Sc. Am 35-340. He wa[s] near Fort Vancouver, Columbia River, Wash. Territory, and a boy called his attention to the sun. He saw "a perfectly rounded, well-defined dark spot" crossing sun. [II; 2491.1, 2491.2. Covington, Richard. "The Supposed Planet Vulcan." Scientific American, n.s., 35 (November 25, 1876): 340. Covington was uncertain as to the date of his observation: "...it was about the year 1860."]

1860 July / India Series / See 1838. [II; 2492.]

1860 July 4 / Comet reported from various parts of India. Said at Delhi was like "a flag of light over the sun" and was an absorbing topic. Reported for 4th, 7th and 10th. Allen's Indian Mail, Aug 22 / described as "tail upward". [II; 2493. "Delhi, July 10." Allen's Indian Mail, 18 (August 22, 1860): 620. "The last item of absorbing and important public intelligence is that the natives have discovered a flag of light over the sun which is supposed to signify all sorts of portents." "Mussoorie, 10th July." Allen's Indian Mail, 18 (August 22, 1860) 620. "Strange that none of your correspondents have noticed the fact of the comet having made its appearance here on the 4th instant. I saw it on the evening of the 7th very distinctly, almost due west, with its tail upwards. Our astronomers appear behindhand in their calculations, if we are to conclude that this is the old comet; it, however, I may add, is very small." "Meteoric Stones in India." Canadian Journal, n.s., 7 (May, 1862): 193-200, at 197. Comet C/1860 M1.]

1860 July 4 / evening / q. and th. storm, Athens. / The Geologist 4-145. [II; 2494. "Foreign Correspondence." Geologist, 4 (1861): 142-145, at 145, c.v. "Earthquakes and their connection with Meteorological Phenomena."]

1860 July 4 / 5 p.m. / Doniphan Co., Kansas / Tornado / Finley's Rept. [II; 2495. Finley, 4.]

1860 July 6 / from 10 to 11 p.m. / 6 small meteors from Polaris toward A[lpha] U[rsae]. Maj. / BA 61-2. [II; 2496. Glaisher, James, and, John Hall Gladstone, Robert Philips Greg, Edward Joseph Lowe. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1860-61." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1861, 1-44, at 2-3. "From Polaris towards α Ursæ Majoris," (Alpha Ursae Majoris, or Dubhe).]

1860 July 6 / Baton Rouge / det meteor / electrical phe / BA 60-96. [II; 2497. Greg, 96.]

1860 July 7-8 / Many meteors and "lightning" / France / BA 61. [II; 2498. Glaisher, James, and, John Hall Gladstone, Robert Philips Greg, Edward Joseph Lowe. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1860-61." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1861, 1-44, at 2-3.]

1860 July 11 / [LT], 12-d / Singular Phe. [II; 2499. "Singular Phenomenon." London Times, July 11, 1860, p. 12 c. 4. A variety of mirages of a warship were observed at Portobello, on July 8, 1860.]

1860 July 13 / 10:10 p.m. / Spain / met from Vega / BA 61-4. [II; 2500. Glaisher, James, and, John Hall Gladstone, Robert Philips Greg, Edward Joseph Lowe. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1860-61." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1861, 1-44 at 4-5.]

1860 July 14 / 1849 = great year, mets India. [II; 2501.]

1860 July 14 / Dhurmsala, Punjab, India / (F). [II; 2502. Fletcher, 102. This is the Dhurmsala meteorite.]

1860 July 14 / 2 p.m. / In Allen's Indian Mail, Sept 13, the phe at Dhurmsala described as "another aerolite". Said that there had been several preceding falls of meteoric stones and that there had been earthquakes. [II; 2503. (Allen's Indian Mail, Sept 13, 1860).]

[End of Series II. Beginning of Series III.]

1860 July 14 / July 28 is the date given by cor in the L.T., Dec 26, 1860. He spells it Dharam Sal (Kangra). Lat 32,5; Long 76,18. He is Syed Abdoolah, Prof of Hindustani, University College, London, and he wrote to a friend in D.H. / who sent him particulars on the 28th of July, bet. 2 and 3 p.m. To him the "fearful shocks" seemed subterranean rumbling "from the bowels of the earth". Then the stones, many of them like cannon balls. [III; 1.1, 1.2. Abdoolah, Syed. "Remarkable Phenomenon in India." London Times, December 26, 1860, p. 7 c. 2.]

1860 July 14 / Comet, June 28, July 4 / Fish, June 24 / (Bld, May 19) / See aerolite—June 16, March 28. / (See Commissioner's report.) [III; 2. "Meteoric Stones in India." Canadian Journal, n.s., 7 (May, 1862): 193-200, at 197-198. See: 1860 June 16, (II: 2471 & 2473); and, 1860 July, (II; 2488; and, III; 11).]

1860 July 14 / For India Series 1865 / See Jan 19, Feb 9, May 23, Aug 25, Sept 21. [III; 3.]

1860 July 14 / Corrected date Dhurmsala /  BA 67-418. [III; 4. Glaisher, James, and, Robert Philips Greg, Edward William Brayley, Alexander Stewart Herschel, Charles Brooke. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1866-67." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1867, 288-430, at 418.]

[1860 July 15 /] 1850 July 15 / 11 p.m. / Fireball size of moon / Banff, Scotland / BA 67-418. [II; 1422. Glaisher, James, and, Robert Philips Greg, Edward William Brayley, Alexander Stewart Herschel, Charles Brooke. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1866-67." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1867, 288-430, at 418.]

1860 July 17 / Op. Mars (A1). [III; 5.]

1860 July 18 / Solar eclipse. A. J. Sci. 2/33/145. [III; 6. "The Solar Eclipse of July 18, 1860." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 33 (1862): 145-146.]

1860 July 18 / Moon / by Bout and Mannheim in Algeria during the eclipse of the moon a brilliant point of light one saw it with—the other without a telescope. Suggested that hole in moon in sunlight through / An Sci Disc '62 / 388 / Loomis Treatise on Astro., p. 174. [III; 7. "Hole in the Moon." Annual of Scientific Discovery, 1862, 388. "M. Mannheim states, however, that he saw the brilliant point so unmistakably as to leave no doubt of its being a reality. Its place on the lunar disc has not yet been determined; but, should it prove to have been always seen at the same place, the only explanation possible would be that the moon is pierced with a hole."  Loomis, Elias. A Treatise on Astronomy. New York: Harper, 1866, 174. "The bright point gradually increased, until it blended with the light of the sun's disc as it emerged from behind the moon."]

1860 July 18 / ♀ [Venus] Inf [conjunction] [Sun] (A1). [III; 8. Astronomical symbols used by Fort.]

1860 July 18 / Eclipse of sun / Leisure Hour 9-648. [III; 9. "Total Eclipse, July 18, 1860." Leisure Hour, 9 (1860): 648-650.]

1860 July 19 / q. / Italy / Treviso / BA '11. [III; 10. Milne, 715.]

1860 July / Canadian Journal, 7-194—copy of the letter from the Deputy Commissioner of Dhurmsalla to the Secretary to Government, Punjab. July 14—bet 2 and 2:30 p.m., the aerolites / new comet at the time / lights like fire balloons in the evening / waterspout at Bhurtpore and aerolite said to have fallen / like an aurra at Delhi on the 13th / fish—Benares / Blood—Furruckabad and at Meerut / Dark spot on sun. and early in month, unnatural yellow darkness and violent wind / and a q. [III; 11.1, 11.2, 11.3. "Meteoric Stones in India." Canadian Journal, n.s., 7 (1862): 193-200, at 194-198.]

1860 July / Dhurmsalla / q / See Ap. 4, 1905. [III; 12.]

1860 July 20 / Great met from Lake Michigan to Atlantic and Maine to Va / A. J. Sci 2/30/293. [III; 13. Lyman, C.S. "The Meteor of July 20th, 1860." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 30 (1860): 293-295.]

1860 July 20 / For 2 or 3 preceding nights had been brilliant auroral flashes in northern sky. / L.T., Aug 6-12-f. [III; 14. "Extraordinary Meteor." London Times, August 6, 1860, p. 12 c. 6.]

1860 July 20 / Mars / Earth / Ext. met / Michigan to Atlantic / (N)-op / Sci Am. 47/38. Am Jour Sci 2/30/186, 93 / 2/3/89, etc. [III; 15. Greg, 96-97. "A Remarkable Meteor." Scientific American, n.s., 47 (July 15, 1882): 38. Newton, Hubert Anson. "On the Meteor of November 15th, 1859." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 30 (1860): 186-193. Lyman, C.S. "The Meteor of July 20th, 1860." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 30 (1860): 293-295. "A meteor rivalling in brilliancy that of July 20th, was extensively observed throughout the Southern United States on the evening of August 2d, between 10 and 11 o'clock, according to the local time." (New York Herald, June 24 or before, 1882, is source of the Sci. Amer. article.) See: 1860 Aug 2 (III: 13, 21).]

[1860 July 20 /] 1860 July 23 Friday before / Aldeby. Cor. Zoologist during th. storm saw thousands of little toads on a path. Believed fell from sky because some on his arms and in a butterfly net he was carrying / night ab 9:15 / Zoologist 1860-7146. [III; 16. Winter, W. "Toads falling in a Shower of Rain." Zoologist, 18 (1860): 7146.]

1860 July 28 / Ice / Dhurmsalla / D-233. [III; 17. The note copies information from page 233 of The Book of the Damned. "Meteoric Stones in India." Canadian Journal, n.s., 7 (May, 1862): 193-200, at 195. "Some coolies passing close to where one fell, ran to the spot, to pick up the pieces. Before they had held them in their hands half a minute they had to drop them owing to the intensity of the cold which quite benumbed their fingers." Young, Charles Augustus. A Text-book of General Astronomy. Boston: Ginn & Co., 1888, 435. Rev. ed., 1898, 470. "It is recorded that one of the large fragments of the Dhurmsala (India) meteorites, which fell in 1860, was found in moist earth half an hour or so after the fall, coated with ice." Charles Augustus Young. A Text-book of General Astronomy. Boston: Ginn & Co., 1888. Rev. ed., 1900, 470. "The Dharmsala, Dhurmsala, or Dhurmsalla Meteorites." Popular Astronomy, 38 (October 1930): 507.]

1860 July 29 / (See BA-'61.) / Little Bridy, Dorset / ["???] A dark substance fell with noise and light on reaching ground. / BA '67/418. [III; 18. Glaisher, James, and, Robert Philips Greg, Edward William Brayley, Alexander Stewart Herschel, Charles Brooke. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1866-67." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1867, 288-430, at 418. Glaisher, James, and, John Hall Gladstone, Robert Philips Greg, Edward Joseph Lowe. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1860-61." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1861, 1-44, at 4-5.]

1860 July 31 / 3:30 p.m. / Marshall Co., Kansas / Tornado / Finley's Rept. [III; 19. Finley, 4.]

1860 Aug 2 and 9 / The fireballs / U.S. / full dets / A. J. Sci 2/33/339. [III; 20. Newton, Hubert Anson. "An Account of two Meteoric Fireballs...." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 33 (1862): 338-348.]

1860 Aug 2 / Bet 10 and 11 p.m., in Southern States, U.S., a meteor rivalling that of July 20 / A. J. Sci 2/30/295. [III; 21. "The Meteors of August 2d and 6th, 1860." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 30 (1860): 295-296.]

.

1860 Aug 2 / bet 10 and 11 p.m. / Det met / Tenn. / An. Sci. Discov. '61/27. Am. J. Sci 2/3/150 / 2/30/295 / 2nd and 6th. [III; 22. Greg, 96. "Meteors of August 2d and 6th, 1860." Annual of Scientific Discovery, 1861, 398. "The Meteors of August 2d and 6th, 1860." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 30 (1860): 295-296. Newton, Hubert Anson. "An Account of two Meteoric Fireballs...." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 33 (1862): 338-348. The references to "An. Sci. Discov. '1861-27" and "Am. J. Sci 2/3/150" are erroneous; and, Thayer noted: "27 may not be right."]

1860 Aug 6 / 7:38 p.m. / 5 minutes after sunset / N.Y. and Pa. / great meteor / BA 63-337. [III; 23. Glaisher, James, and, Robert Philips Greg, Edward William Brayley, Alexander Stewart Herschel. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1862-63." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1863, 209-339, at 337.]

1860 Aug 6 / bet 7:30 and 8 p.m. / New Haven and NY / in the S.W. / great met. / A. J. Sci 2/30/296. [III; 24. Greg, 96. "The Meteors of August 2d and 6th, 1860." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 30 (1860): 295-296.]

1860 Aug 9-12 / Auroras / France / C.R. 51-262. [III; 25. Coulvier-Gravier, Remi Armand. "Observations d'étoiles filantes du 13 juillet au 12 août; apparition des aurores boréales des 9, 10 et 12 août." Comptes Rendus, 51 (1860): 262-264.]

1860 Aug 10-11 / Aurora uncommonly fine at Chicago / A. J. Sci 2/31/136. [III; 26. Herrick, Edward Claudius. "Further observations on the Shooting Stars of August 9-10, 1860." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 31 (1861): 136-137.]

1860 Aug 11 / 5 p.m. / Waterspout near Calcutta / Jour. Asiatic Soc Bengal / 29/373. [III; 27. Sherwill, Walter Stanhope. "Notes upon some remarkable Waterspouts seen in Bengal between the years 1852 and 1860." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal, 29 (1860): 366-375, at 373.]

1860 Aug 13 / (Cut) / New York / Venus shining in daytime—crowds looking—Sc Am. 2/3/215. [III; 28. "Seeing Stars in the Daytime." Scientific American, n.s., 3 (September 29, 1860): 215.]

1860 Aug 13 / Now see B. Assoc for this. [III; 29.]

1860 Aug 13 / Same story told and no more in Birm D. Post, 14th. [III; 30. "Destructive Storm in Birmingham Yesterday." Birmingham Daily Post, August 14, 1860, p. 4 c. 2-3. "We may mention, as a remarkable phenomenon in connection with the storm, that after it had ceased the pavements throughout the centre of the town were found to be covered with small fragments of a substance resembling finely broken granite stones, varying in size from a pea to a hazel nut, which had evidently descended with the rain. In some places, but particularly in Dale End, High Street, and Carr's Lane, these fragments could be gathered very plentifully. During the continuance of the storm the atmosphere appeared highly charged with electricity; but there was neither thunder nor lightning."]

1860 Aug 13 / The Field Sept. 8 cor writes that after an unusually heavy storm in Birm[ingham] resulting in an inundation small stones found in the streets + were thought to h[a]ve fallen from the sky. He quotes Post. Says that there was remarkably little wind. That the air was charged with electricity but there was neither thunder nor lightning. Acto Post the streets throughout the center of the town was covered with small stones "varying in size from a pea to a hazel nut, which had evidently descended with the rain." So many that they could be gathered plentifully. The cor disbelieves they fell from the sky but sends some of the stones. F.T. Buckland, too, disbelieves + writes "The evidence of this is by no means good." [III; 31.1, 31.2, 31.3. (Field, Sept. 8, 1860) (I only copied this much of the second note, apparently more or a third part, acto Thayer).] He seems to have had nothing but the cor's story and Post clippings sent by cor. He says they were waterworn quartz pebbles—"There are also specimens of a darker kind, apparently hard sandstone." [III; 31.4.]

1860 Aug 13 / Description of storm at Birm at 11 a.m., in L.T. 14-10-d / "The rain descended in vast sheets." No stones metioned. / N.M. [III; 32. "Great Storm at Birmingham." London Times, August 14, 1860, p. 10 c. 4.]

1860 Aug 22 / 5:30 p.m. / Trombes at Singapore / C.R. 51-688. [III; 33. Castelnau, Francis de Laporte de. "Trombes multiples près des côtes de Singapore." Comptes Rendus, 51 (1860): 688.]

1860 Sept / Putney, near London / Hay fall in Dr Phipson's garden. / C.R. 52/108. [III; 34. Phipson, Thomas Lamb. "Sur une pluie de foin observée dans les environs de Londres." Comptes Rendus, 52 (1861): 108-109.]

1860 Sept 3 / (Sound) / ab 3:06 p.m. / q / Kent-Sevenoaks / T's Year Book 1861-258 / like "short and subdued clap of thunder"—first thought been explosion of a powder mill / sky densely overcast / thunder heard at a distance for 2 hours but no rain fell, but very heavy rain a few miles away. [III; 35.1, 35.2. "Earthquake in Kent." Timbs'  Year-Book of Facts in Science and Art, 1861, 258. Rogers, John. "The following notes, on the shocks of an earthquake felt in Kent...." Athenæum, 1860 (no. 1716; September 15): 357. "I have no observation of the barometer for that day, but the sky to the south of this place, which commands a very extensive view, was densely overcast for two hours before and after the shock, and a very singular-looking mass of black vapour filled and obscured the valley. It was not like an ordinary thunderstorm, but formed a sort of wall of dark mist."]

1860 Sept 6 / Metz / Curious cloud / Cosmos 18/259. [III: 36. "Faits météorologiques." Cosmos, 18 (March 8, 1861): 258-260, at 259.]

1860 Sept 18 / "Star" seen midday at Margate. Field Oct 6 p. 282. [III: 37. (Field, October 6, 1860, p. 282.) See: 1860 Sept, (III; 40).]

1860 Sept. 20 / Chile and Iceland / qs / BA '11. Sim q's Feb 18, 1889. [III; 38. Milne, 715, 735.]

1860 Sept 22 / [LT], 7-a / q. at sea. [III; 39. (1860 Sept 22 / [London Times], 7-a ).]

1860 Sept / Moon and one star visible in daylight / 1860, LT, Sept 28/9/b // meteor / Aug 6/12/f. [III; 40. "To the Editor of the Times." London Times, September 28, 1860, p. 9 c. 2. "On Wednesday, September 12, 1860, from 12 mid-day to 2 p.m., the moon and one star (probably Venus) were distinctly visible to the naked eye...." The Moon and Venus would have been less than 10° apart, (with Venus at an apparent magnitude of -4.4 and an elongation of +45°). "Extraordinary Meteor." London Times, August 6, 1860, p. 12 c. 6. See: 1860 July 20, (III; 14).]

1860 Sept 27 / Algeria / q / BA '11. [III; 41. Milne, 715.]

1860 Oct / One night in Picardy, a metite fell—strong elec. or phosphorescent light from it. Les Mondes 18-334. [III; 42. "Aérolithe phosphorescent." Les Mondes, 18 (1868): 334-335.]

1860 Oct 17 / q. / Canada and N. U.S. / full dets. / A. J. Sci 2/31/150. [III; 43. "Earthquake." American Journal of Science, s. 2 v. 31 (1861): 150-151.]

1860 Oct 20 / Many meteors / Nottingham / BA '61. [III; 44. Glaisher, James, and, John Hall Gladstone, Robert Philips Greg, Edward Joseph Lowe. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1860-61." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1861, 1-44, at 6-7. "Many other meteors during the evening."]

1860 Oct 28 / Waterspout / Calcutta / Jour Asiatic Soc Bengal 29-374. BO / Ref wrong / p. 214. [III; 45. Sherwill, Walter Stanhope. "Notes upon some remarkable Waterspouts seen in Bengal between the years 1852 and 1860." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal, 29 (1860): 366-375, at 374-375.]

1860 Nov 7-10-f 19-8-f 19-8-d / one of them is man killed by aerolite / Old month-vol. [III; 46. Pabst notes as "One month-vol." (London Times 1860 Nov 7-10-f.) "Spirit Rapping." London Times, November 19, 1860, p. 8 c. 4. "Earthquake at Barbadoes." London Times, November 19, 1860, p. 8 c. 6.]

1860 Nov. 15 / New Jersey / great det met / BA 67/419. [III; 47. Glaisher, James, and, Robert Philips Greg, Edward William Brayley, Alexander Stewart Herschel, Charles Brooke. "Report on Observations of Luminous Meteors, 1866-67." Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1867, 288-430, at 419.]

1860 Dec 2 / —Asia Minor / 3, Armenia and Cent America / BA '11 / q's. Sim q's Feb 18, 1889. [III; 48. Milne, 715, 735.]

1860 / ab Dec. 16 // (+) / (It) / Siena / met and q-effects / BA '61 / (16th/ 67/419) / (Successional / See Dec 28.) [III; 49. (BA 61; 67-419).]

1860 Dec. 16, ab. / At Siena, ac to Prof Campani, an enormous meteor, from which was heard "a terrible noise". / BA 61-37. [III; 50. (BA 61-37).]

1860 Dec 28 / (+) / Red / Italy / (Siena) / (16) / D-41. [III; 51. The note copies information from page 41 of The Book of the Damned. "Coloured rain." Timbs'  Year-Book of Facts in Science and Art, 1861, 273.]

1860 Dec 31 / red rain / Siena  or enna / Flam Atmos p. 410. [III; 52. Flammarion, Camille. The Atmosphere. London: S. Low, Marston, Low, & Searle, 1873, 458. Flammarion, Camille. James Glaisher, ed. The Atmosphere. New York: Harper, 1874, 410. Siena is the correct spelling, tho Sienna has also been used in some English spellings, such as Glaisher's translation.]